HEALTH.UNINTENTIONAL INJURIES

• Dressing - is a piece of sterile cloth that covers wounds to protect complications or infections and to stop bleeding.
• Compression - COLD COMPRESS: used to reduce swelling and relieve pain. It is usually poor sprains and strains.
• Hot compress - allows normal blood circulation. These methors are used alternately for closed wounds or contusions.
• Bandaging/Bondage - used to apply pressure to bleeding, covering wounds and burns. Immobilizing broken bones, sprains, and strains.
• Thee types of bandages - Triangular Bondage, Ace Bondage, Tubular Bandage.
• Triangular Bondage - Can be used as cold compress, padding, support for pressure and support sling.
• Ace Bandage - secures dressing in place.
• Tubular Bandage - used to support joints or hold dressing in place. Smaller tubular bandage is used for finger injuries.
• ONE-MAN TRANSPORT - Used when the patient can walk with assistance but cannot stand up straight. The patient must have control over his bowel and bladder function. It is also called "SITTING POSITION".
• Kinds of Transport - ONE-MAN TRANSPORT:

  1. Lovers carry
  2. Fireman's Carry
  3. Piggy back (Used when the victim is conscious.)
  4. Pack Strap Carry (Used when the victim is conscious.)
• Kinds of Transport: ONE-MAN TRANSPORT:

  5). Blanket Drag - It is used when the victim is seriously injured and should not be lifted.

  6). Shoulder Drag - It is used for short distance transport.

  7). Fireman's Drag - It is used when first aider needs to crawl underneath a low structure.
• TWO MAN CARRY:

  1. Chair or Seat Carry - used when there are 2 first aiders and chair is available.
• Three-Man Carry:

  1. Bearer Alongside - carriers will only stay on the uninjured side of the casualty.
  2. Hammoch Carry - when there are three first aiders present (one will hold the HEAD, one will hold the MIDDLE PART OF THE BODY, and the other one will hold the legs).
• Unintentional Injury -

  Fracture - a break or crack in a bone. An open fracture punctures the skin, while in a closed fracture, the skin above is impaired.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Dislocation - a separation of two bones where they meet a joint.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Sprain - an injury to the ligaments due to accidental tearing or overstretching.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Strain - happens due to tearing of muscle fibers.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Heat Exhaustion - caused by loss of salt and water due to excessible high temperature. This may lead to heart stroke or even death.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Food Poisoning - caused by consuming of contaminated food or drinks with bacteria, viruses, or parasites
• Unintentional Injury -

  Choking - Partial or complete obstruction of the airway due to a foreign object.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Drowning - when the lungs submerged or immersed in liquid. It i may lead to death if taken for granted.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Heart Attack - caused by loss of blood supply to the part of the heart muscles.
• Unintentional Injury -

  Chemical Burns - when skin is exposed to any corrosive substance and strong acids, base, thinner, gasoline.
• Unintentional Injury

  Burns - Injury caused by the exposure to heat or flame. (Touching a hot iron, friction, or spilling boiling hot water on the skin).
• Unintentional Injury -

  Stroke - the sudden death of brain cells due to the lack of oxygen caused by the blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain.
• First Aid - is an immediate and temporary care given to a person who suddenly gets ill or injured.
• Bandages - are used to apply pressure to bleeding; for covering wounds and burns; and providing support for immobilization for broken bones, sprains and strains
• wound - is a break in the continuity of a tissue in the body. It may be closed in which there is no break or damage in the skin. It is also called HEMATOMA or CONTUSIONS
• Kinds of Open Wound:

  1). Puncture

  2). Abrasion

  3). Incision

  4). Laceration

  5). Avulsion
• Puncture - a piercing wound caused by nails, needles and other pointed objects.
• Abrasion - caused by rubbing or scraping the skin against a rough surface
• Incision - is a cut caused by knife, broken glass or any sharp object.
• Laceration - a blunt breaking or tearing of soft tissues usually resulting from mishandling tools and other accidents
• Avulsion - a forcible tearing or partial tearing away of tissues.