media and globalization

• .  Economic Processes

  Ø  Involves integration and interdependence of national economies.

  Ø  Includes international trade, foreign investment, and global supply chains.

  Ø  Promotes economic growth but raises concerns about inequality and sustainability.
• . Social Processes

  Ø  Entails interconnectedness and interactions among societies and individuals worldwide.

  Ø  Includes migration, tourism, and cultural exchange.

  Ø  Leads to cultural diversity but challenges social cohesion and identity.

   
• Cultural Processes

  Ø  Involves the diffusion and exchange of cultural products, practices, and values across national boundaries.

  Ø  Driven by media, entertainment industries, and digital technologies.

  Ø  Results in cultural homogenization and hybridization, but raises concerns about diversity and commodification.

   
• . Technological Processes

  Ø  Refers to the rapid advancements and diffusion of information and communication technologies (ICTs) worldwide.

  Ø  Includes the internet, mobile phones, and digital platforms.

  Ø  Drives innovation and connectivity but raises concerns about digital divide and privacy.

   
• . Institutional Processes

  Ø  Involves the emergence of transnational organizations, agreements, and governance mechanisms.

  Ø  Includes international organizations and regional blocs.

  Ø  Aims to address global challenges but faces challenges related to sovereignty and accountability.
• Global media cultures refer to the shared norms, values, and practices that are disseminated through media platforms and shape our perceptions of the world. These cultures are not confined to a single nation or region, but rather reflect the interconnectedness of our global society.
• Hybridity: Global media cultures often blend elements from different cultures, creating new and unique cultural forms.
• Diversity: Global media cultures encompass a wide range of perspectives and experiences, reflecting the diversity of our global society
• Connectivity: Global media cultures are shaped by the interconnectedness of our world, enabling the rapid exchange of information and ideas across borders.
• ● Power: Global media cultures are often influenced by power dynamics, with some cultures and perspectives being more dominant than others.
• Global media cultures are often influenced by economic factors, with media conglomerates and advertising playing a significant role in shaping cultural production and dissemination.
• Global news organizations like CNN and BBC provide a shared understanding of world events, shaping our perceptions of global affairs.
• Popular culture, such as music, movies, and television shows, often reflects and shapes global media cultures, with artists and content crossing national borders
• MEDIA (according to Lule, 2014), are tools used to store and deliver information or data.

   
• 5. Digital Media • Digital Media are most often electronic media that rely on digital codes. • Commonly used software are websites and social media through the computer and cellular phones. • It is currently the most significant media of influence to globalization.
• 4. Electronic Media • Electronic media is an efficient way to communicate with one another either using media devices or social media sources. • Scholars have come to call these “electronic media” because they require electromagnetic energy – electricity – to use. Examples: Radio, Television, Telephone
• 3. The Printing Press • Prior to the printing press, the production of written documents was slow cumbersome and expensive. • The printing press, however, encouraged the literacy of the public and the growth of schools. • It helped foster globalization and knowledge of globalization.
• 2. Script • Language relies on the capacity of our memory. There emerged the script. • The stage that explores the brief transition from the oral form of communication to printing. • It refers to the very first writing that enables human beings to record information across distances for a much longer time.
• 1. Oral Communication • Through spoken words, is the oldest and most enduring form of human interaction. • It has been essential in sharing knowledge, experiences, and skills for survival throughout history.
• Theresa Tobin (2007) stated cultural imperialism occurs when one community imposes various aspects of its own way of life onto another community.
• Cultural aspect of the term pertains to the local customs, beliefs, language, traditions, and moral norms that define a community’s way of life.
• Cultural imperialism usually involves one group imposing its culture onto another forcefully, rather than when a group willingly adopts the culture of another.
• •       Media Dominance: Cultural imperialism uses the media to spread the way of life, values, and ideas of the dominant culture.
• •       Cultural Stereotyping: The dominant culture often stereotypes other cultures, turning them simplistic. This can make the tradition, values, beliefs, and practices of the other culture seem less valuable.
• •       Political and Military Power: In the past, colonialism and imperialism have enforced the dominant culture onto colonized people using force and coercion.
• 1.     Media is the plural form of “Medium”. It is the main means of mass communication regarded collectively.
• KDKA−first commercial radio station, established during the 1920s in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It also had the first radio broadcast of a presidential election.
• Six Degrees−the very first social media platform founded by Andrew Weinreich, launched in 1997.
• The Gutenberg Bible−also known as the 42-line bible. Johannes Gutenberg died penniless because Latin literacy was low during the 1490’s.
• 1.     Hybridization refers to the blending or mixing of cultural elements from different sources, resulting in the emergence of new hybrid forms and expressions. This phenomenon is fueled by the increased interconnectedness and interactions among diverse cultural groups facilitated by globalization.
• Cultural Syncretism is when distinct aspects of different cultures blend to make something new and unique
• 1.     Economy

      E-commerce is becoming a major form of business. The media have been essential to the growth of economic globalization in the world.

  Amazon, Lazada, and Zalora are some examples of start-up companies that have grown into successful global e-commerce platforms.
• 1.     Politics

  •       Globalization has transformed world politics in profound ways.

  •       Media can spark collective public opinion and action towards politics.

  •       Even during election campaigns, various forms of media have used by candidates to appeal for public votes and by people to assert their support to candidates.
• 1.     Education

  •       The Internet is helping democratize access to affordable learning.

  •       Media has made it easy to search for information on the Internet.
• 1.     Culture

  •       Media is the primary carrier of culture.

  •       There is now a wealth of exchange and fusion of culture.
• Global media connects people worldwide through various platforms like TV, the Internet, and social media. It allows sharing of information, ideas, and entertainment across cultures.
• a.     Cultural Hybridity in Art and Fashion. Artists and designers draw inspiration from diverse cultural traditions, resulting in hybrid art forms and fashion styles that blend elements from various cultural contexts. This cultural fusion reflects the fluidity and hybridity of contemporary identities.
• Digital Hybrid Spaces. Online platforms create digital spaces where individuals from different cultural backgrounds interact and share experiences, contributing to the formation of transnational communities and identities.
• a.     Hybrid Media Content. Media platforms disseminate cultural content that reflects hybrid cultural forms and expressions. Films, music, literature, and television programs often incorporate elements from diverse cultural sources, appealing to global audiences with varied cultural backgrounds.
• a.     Global Pop Culture. Globalization has led to the globalization of popular culture, characterized by the circulation of cultural products and trends worldwide. Pop culture icons, such as international music stars or Hollywood films, embody hybrid cultural forms that resonate with audiences across cultural boundaries.