STAS

• Philosophy


  The study of general and fundamental problems, including existence, knowledge, values, reason and language
• Branches of Philosophy

  • Natural Philosophy
  • Moral Philosophy
  • Metaphysical Philosophy
• Martin Heidegger


  • A German philosopher whose work is associated with phenomenology and existentialism
  • He influenced the development of contemporary European Philosophy
  • Known for his work "Being and Time (1927)" which gave an impressive analysis of human existence
  • Began "The question concerning technology" by examining the relationship between human and technology
• Instrumental Definition of Technology


  Technology is a means to an end
• Doctrine of Causality

  • Causa Materialis - The material, the matter out of which an object is made
  • Causa Formalis - The form, the shape into which the material enters
  • Causa Efficiens - Which brings about the effect that is finished
  • Causa Finalis - End
• Bringing Forth


  Making something
• Poesis


  The bringing forth that underlies causality, a bringing out of concealment
• Aletheia


  The revealing that the Greeks call truth, meaning unhiddeness or disclosure
• Modern Technology

  • A challenging forth, very aggressive in its activity
  • Revealing never comes to an end
  • Revealing always happens on our own terms as everything is on demand
  • The age of switches, standing reserve and stockpiling for its own sake
• Questioning as the Piety of Thought

  • Piety means obedience and submission
  • Building a way towards knowing the truth of who he/she is as a being in this world
• Calculative Thinking


  One orders and puts a system to nature so it can be understood better and controlled
• Meditative Thinking


  One lets nature reveal itself to him/her without forcing it
• Human Flourishing


  • The endeavor to achieve self-actualization, including access to a pleasant, engaged/good, and meaningful life
  • Requires the development of attributes and social and personal levels that exhibit character strengths and virtues commonly agreed across different cultures
• Eudaimonia


  • Good spirit, egoistic in a sense that it strives to flourish or focus on its own growth
  • Strives to be happy or to "do well" and "live well"
• The Best Life for Human Beings (Aristotle)

  • Philosophical life
  • Life of pleasure
  • Life of political activity
• The Happiness Pursuit


  Everyone's ultimate purpose in life, not guided by any philosophy or general principles
• The Golden Rule

  • Confucius: "What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others"
  • Aristotle: "We should behave to other as we wish others to behave to us"
  • Buddhism: "Hurt not others with that which pains thyself"
  • Christianity: "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you"
• Classification of Materialism

  • Naive Materialism - Believes that only physical matter exists and that all phenomena, including consciousness and mental states, can be reduced to or explained by physical processes alone
  • Dialectical Materialism - The clash or interaction of physical things, like matter and energy; explains how conflicts and contradictions in society led to new discoveries, ideas, and changes
  • Metaphysical Materialism - The world is governed by physical laws and principles, the world we live is can be explained by a framework
• Hedonism


  A school of thought that argues that the pursuit of happiness is to get rid of all pain and distress, and that pleasure is the primary goal of human life
• Theism


  • Monotheism - One god that intervenes with life
  • Multi-Theism - Many gods that may or may not intervene with life
  • Deism - One or many gods that do not intervene with life
• Humanity


  A virtue associated with basic ethics of altruism derived from human condition, a "love of people" according to Confucius
• Present Technology - Robotics

  • Robots are utilized for their knowledge, exactness and endless energy to perform tasks consistently and profitably, that when performed by humans tends to create flaws
  • AI Robots have already started an enormous job in improving waste management and finding different ways to handle the waste issue endured by most developing nations like India
• The impact of technology on human health


  • We spend 12 hours in front of TV and computers at home, multitasking participants had more difficulty filtering out irrelevant information than those focusing on one task at a time
  • Teens are emotionally more vulnerable to the effects of rampant texting and online sharing
• Ways in which human species could become extinct


  • Transforming or evolving into one or more species or merely dying out without any replacement or continuation
  • Advances in biotechnology might make it possible to design new viruses that combine the easy contagion and mutability of the influenza virus, resulting in a dreadful pandemic with high virulence and 100% mortality rate
  • An all-out nuclear war between Russia and the United States might be an example of a global catastrophe that would be unlikely to result in extinction
• Recurrent Collapse


  The human condition will reach a kind of statis, either instantly or after undergoing one or more cycles of collapse regeneration, where human civilization may endure catastrophes that prevent it from moving beyond a certain level
• Recurrent collapse


  The human condition will reach a kind of statis, either instantly or after undergoing one or more cycles of collapse regeneration
• Post humanity


  People have developed significantly different cognitive abilities, population sizes, body types, sensory or emotional experiences or life expectancies
• Technology trends


  • Biological Engineering and Bio-Economy
  • Molecular Manufacturing and Self-replicating Systems
  • Distributed Additive Manufacturing
  • Artificial Intelligence Driven Automation
  • Neuromorphic Computing and Computing Beyond Turing Limit
  • Quantum Computing and Control
  • Nanosatellites and Space Exploration
  • Internet to BrainNet
  • Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine
  • Brain Mapping and Brain Uploading
• Humanity


  Humanitas - which means "human nature, kindness", the human race, which includes everybody on earth, the qualities that make us human, such as that ability to love and have compassion, be creative and not be a robot or alien
• Technology is changing our world at an overwhelming pace.
• Types of robots

  • Pre-Programmed Robots - operate in a controlled environment where they do simple, monotonous tasks
  • Humanoid robots - robots that look like and/ or mimic human behavior
  • Autonomous Robots - operate independently of human operators
  • Teleoperated Robots - mechanical bots controlled by humans
  • Augmenting Robots - either enhance current human capabilities or replace the capabilities a human may have lost
• Applications of robots

  • military robots - to search, rescue and attack
  • Industrial robots - IBM keyboard manufacturing factory in Texas
  • collaborative robots or cobots - intended for direct human robot interaction within shared space
  • construction robots - robotic arm and robotic exoskeleton
  • agricultural robots - Closely linked to the concept of AI-assisted precision agriculture and drone usage
  • medical robots - da Vinci Surgical System and Hospi
  • kitchen automation - Rotimatic, flatbreads baking, Frobot, frozen yogurts
  • Robot combat for sport, domestic robots - Roomba vacuums the carpets
  • nanobots - Kinesin uses protein domain dynamics in nanoscales to walk along a microtubule
  • swarm robotics - disaster rescue missions, target localization and tracking, simultaneous localization and mapping, cooperative environment monitoring and convoy protection
• Artificial Intelligence


  Refers to "machines" that respond to stimulation consistent with traditional responds from human, given the capacity for contemplation, judgement and intention
• Approaches to AI


  Thinking rationally, thinking humanly, acting rationally and acting humanly
• AI includes autonomous vehicles such as drones and self-driving cars, playing games such as chess or Go, search engines such as Google search, online assistants such as Siri, image recognition in photographs, predicting flight delays and medical diagnosis.
• Connectionist (bottom-up) approach in AI


  Involves creating artificial neural networks in imitation of the brain's structure
• Emerging technologies that will shape our future

  • Electric/ self-driving cars
  • Robot butlers
  • Flying cars
  • Space tourism
  • Colonization of other planets
  • Wearable screens
  • Post-humanity
• Post-humanity


  A theory/ concept that is of an advance level of technological or economic development that would involve a radical change in the human condition, whether the change was brought by biological enhancement or other cause
• Acronyms

  • GNR - Genetics, Nanotechnology and Robotics
  • KMD - Knowledge and enabled mass destruction
  • WMD - Weapon of Mass Destruction
  • NBC - Nuclear, Biological and Chemical