chemical analysis

• lithium flames

  Scarlet
• sodium flames

  Yellow
• potassium flames

  Lilac
• calcium flames

  orange-red
• copper flames

  Green-blue
• Coper sodium hydroxide

  Blue precipitate
• iron sodium hydroxide

  Brown precipitate
• Aluminium sodium hydroxide

  White precipitate dissolves in excess
• Magnesium sodium hydroxide

  White precipitate
• copper sodium hydroxide

  White precipitate
• Unknown white precipitate not dissolving in excess?

  Flame test
• Carbonates


  Dilute acid, fizzes
• Halides


  Nitric to remove carbonate, add silver nitrate
• Chlorine

  White precipitate
• Bromine

  Cream precipitate
• iodene

  Yellow precipitate
• Sulphates


  Dilute HCl removes carbonate barium chloride goes white