Physics 2 - Thermal

• Absolute Zero


  The lowest possible temperature of a system, where no heat remains and the particles in the system have no kinetic energy
• Avogadro Constant

  The number of particles that make up one mole of any gas
• Boltzmann Constant

  A constant relating the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas, to the gas' temperature
• Boyle's Law

  The pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume when held at constant temperature
• Brownian Motion

  The random motion of particles
• Charles' Law

  The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when held at constant pressure
• Ideal Gas


  A gas that meets the ideal gas assumptions. All the gas laws are based on ideal gases
• Internal Energy

  The sum of the randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a given system
• Kelvin Scale


  An absolute temperature scale that starts at absolute zero (0K = -273°C)
• Molar Gas Constant


  A fundamental constant, used in the ideal gas law
• Molar Mass


  The mass of one mole of the substance in question
• Molecular Mass

  The mass of one molecule of the substance in question
• Pressure Law


  The pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, when the volume is fixed
• Specific Heat Capacity


  The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 Kelvin
• Specific Latent Heat

  The amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without a change of temperature
• State Changes

  During a state change, the potential energy of the system is changing but the kinetic energy is not