P.e

• Art


  Originated in a time of superstitions and spiritual beliefs
• Definitions of Art

  • Art in Latin word ars, meaning "ability or skill." — J.V. Estolas
  • Art in Italian word Artis, which means between material and technique. — A. Tan
  • Art is a product of man's need to express himself. — F. Zulueta
  • Art is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and feelings — C. Sanchez
  • Art brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world. — Plato
  • Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind — John Dewey
  • Art is the skillful arrangement of composition — Panizo and Rustia
• Common Essentials of Art

  • Art must be man-made
  • Art must be creative, not imitative
  • Art must benefit and satisfy man and man must make use of art in practical terms
  • Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates himself to his fellows
• The Subject of Art

  • Person
  • Object
  • Scene
• Non-representational or non- object arts are devoid of real subjects
• Traditional paintings and sculptures identifiable subjects

  • People
  • Animals
  • Landscapes
• The Four Main Function Of Art

  • Aesthetic Function — appreciate nature's beauty
  • Utilitarian Function — comfort with essentials
  • Cultural Function — printed materials, passes down knowledge
  • Social Function — civic and graphic arts promote cooperation and love
• Manaois categorize arts into two main dimensions

  • Fine arts or Independent Art — crafted for aesthetic enjoyment
  • Practical arts or Useful or Utilitarian art — designed for utilitarian purposes
• Custodiosa Sanchez (2002) defines arts as


  • Visual arts
  • Literature
  • Drama
  • Theatre
  • Music
  • Dance
• Visual arts are divided into

  • Graphic arts
  • Plastic arts
• Graphic arts include

  • Painting
  • Printing
  • Photography
  • Drawing
  • Commercial art
• Plastic arts include


  • Architecture
  • Crafts
  • Industrial design
  • Dress
  • Sculpture
  • Theatre design
• Josefina Estolas (1995) categorized arts into

  • Major arts
  • Minor arts
• Major arts include


  • Painting
  • Sculpture
  • Architecture
  • Literature
  • Music
  • Dance
• Minor arts include


  • Popular arts
  • Plastic arts
  • Industrial arts
  • Graphic arts
  • Decorative arts
• Josefina Estolas (1995) classified arts as


  • Visual
  • Performing
  • Literary
  • Popular
  • Gustatory
  • Decorative or Applied arts
• Panizo and Rustia (1995) classified arts into

  • Practical Arts or Useful Arts
  • Liberal Arts
  • Fine Arts
  • Major Arts
  • Minor Arts
• Panizo and Rustia (1995) classified arts according to media and forms

  • Plastic Arts
  • Kinetic Arts
  • Phonetic Arts
  • Pure Arts
  • Mixed Arts
• Plastic Arts


  Exist in physical space and perceived by sight
• Plastic Arts


  • Sculpture
  • Decorative materials
• Kinetic Arts


  Utilize the element of rhythm
• Kinetic Arts


  • Dance
• Phonetic Arts


  Utilize sounds and words as mediums of expression
• Phonetic Arts


  • Music
  • Drama
  • Literature
• Pure Arts


  Use a single medium of expression
• Pure Arts


  • Music (sound)
  • Painting (color)
• Mixed Arts


  Use more than one medium of expression
• Mixed Arts


  • Opera (music, poetry, drama)
• Medium


  The material used by an artist
• Technique


  The manner in which the artist controls the medium to achieve desired effect
• Combined arts are those whose mediums can be both seen and heard and which exist in both space and time
• Painting


  The art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments
• Architecture


  The art of designing and constructing a structure
• Sculpture


  The construction of a figure by putting together module segments of the material
• Mediums used by Architects

  • Wood
  • Bamboo
  • Bricks
  • Stone
  • Concrete
  • Various build materials
• Mediums used by Sculptors

  • Steel
  • Marble
  • Bronze
  • Metal
  • Wood
• Basis of medium in arts

  • Visual Arts
  • Auditory Arts
  • Combined Arts
• Visual Arts


  Mediums that can be seen and occupy space
• Visual Arts


  • Two-dimensional art (painting, drawing, printmaking, photography)
  • Three-dimensional art (sculpture, architecture, landscape, community planning, industrial designs, crafts like ceramic and furniture)
• Auditory Arts


  Mediums that can be heard and expressed in time