ucsp 1

• Sociology


  The study of social behavior or society, including its origins, development, organization, networks, and institutions
• Anthropology


  The systematic study of humanity, with the goal of understanding our evolutionary origins, our distinctiveness as a species, and the great diversity in our forms of social existence across the world and through time
• Sub-fields of Anthropology


  • Biological Anthropology
  • Archaeology
  • Socio-cultural Anthropology
• Biological Anthropology


  Studying a variety of aspects of human evolutionary biology
• Archaeology


  Studying the material remains of present and past cultural systems to understand the technical, social and political organization of those systems and the larger cultural evolutionary process
• Socio-cultural Anthropology


  Interpreting the content of cultures, explaining variation among cultures, and studying processes of cultural change and social transformation
• Sociology and Anthropology


  Interrelated and interdependent disciplines, with Sociology focusing on society and Anthropology focusing on culture
• Society


  The group of people involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations
• Culture


  The shared values and practices of a particular society, including tradition, language, religions, political systems, arts, etc.
• Edward Tylor's definition of culture

  A complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society
• Culture is not static but constantly evolves in response to historical, sociopolitical, and economic changes
• Universal Patterns of Culture

  • Name
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Death
  • Life
  • Divination
  • Sex
  • Family
• Particular Patterns of Culture

  • Rituals
  • Music
  • Dances
  • Family
  • Norms
  • Taboos
  • Laws
• Material Culture


  The physical aspect—objects, material goods, artworks, etc.—of a particular culture
• Non-material Culture


  The abstract aspect—ideas, norms, values, etc.—of a particular culture
• Aspects of Culture


  • Dynamic, Flexible, & Adaptive
  • Shared & Contested
  • Learned through socialization or enculturation
  • Patterned social interactions
  • Integrated and at times unstable
  • Transmitted through socialization/enculturation
  • Requires language and other forms of communication
• Ethnocentrism


  A principle of judging someone's culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture
• Xenocentrism


  The desire to engage in the elements of another's culture rather than one's own
• The dominant culture in a society can influence the less dominant culture/s
• The less dominant culture in a society can be influenced or dismissed by the dominant ones
• The problem if a society has superior and inferior cultures

  The dominant force weakens the human relations and sometimes tries to eliminate the minority culture
• Ethnocentrism


  A culturally based tendency to value other cultures more highly than one's own, which can materialize in a variety of different ways
• Ethnocentrism relies instead on an appeal of others' culture and a dislike for one's own, often urged by gross injustice of government, antiquated ideologies, or oppressive religious majorities
• Some people also see that their culture is weak as compared to other culture/s and called themselves as "Minority"
• Filipinos in rural areas are migrating in Metro Manila


  • What makes them decide to leave their hometowns?
• Filipinos see Harakiri as a good attitude of the Japanese


  • Why do you think the Filipinos likes this culture of the Japanese?
• KPOP has been part of the daily lives of the Filipinos nowadays


  • What is the impact of this in terms of our culture?
• Xenocentrism


  It refers to the desire to engage in the elements of another's culture rather than one's own
• Cultural relativism


  A principle of judging regarding the beliefs, values, and practices of a culture from the viewpoint of that culture itself
• Cultural relativism refers to the idea that the values, knowledge, and behavior of people must be understood within their own cultural context</b>
• Cultural relativism


  A view that no culture is superior to any other culture when comparing systems of morality, law, politics, etc.
• Cultural relativism is the philosophical notion that all cultural beliefs are equally valid and that truth itself is relative, depending on the cultural environment
• Ana, an OFW, saw Japanese prostitutes while she is walking along the streets of Tokyo


  • If you were Ana, will you tell it to the Japanese police?
• In some African countries, people perform cannibalistic act


  • Will you condemn them for doing such?
• Your best friend is a wife of a Muslim. You found out that her husband had two more wives

  • Will you advice her to file concubinage against her husband?
• A Muslim attended a gathering in Manila. He was given chicken and vegetables rather than pork meals
• Camille is a caregiver in California. She saw her employer using medicinal Marijuana in his room. She reported it to the Philippine embassy
• You saw a Japanese eating fresh jelly fish. You screamed
• Ana saw an Aeta wearing only bahag. She gave a towel
• Samantha is bullying your Waray friend due to her pronunciation of words