Plumbing

• Plumbing


  The art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatus to convey and supply water in buildings and to dispose and discharge waste water and other liquids, gases and other substances out of the building in a safe orderly, healthy and sanitary way to ensure the health and sanitation of life and property
• Plumber


  A person who is skilled in the field of sanitation, derived from the ancient Roman word Plumbarius which is taken from the Latin term word Plumbum (lead)
• In 1902, the Plumbing Trade was duly recognized by the government in the City of Manila. Master Plumber John F. Haas became the first Chief of the Division of Plumbing Construction and Inspection. A Plumbing Code based on the Plumbing Code of the United States was incorporated into the Building Code for the City of Manila.
• In 1935, the National Master Plumbers Association of the Philippines(NAMPAP) was formally organized. Manila City Ordinance 2411, the "Plumbing Code for the City of Manila" was enacted and placed under the Department of Public Services, Manila.
• In 1954, the Third Congress approved House Bill No. 962 which in June 18, 1955, became R.A. 1378 "Plumbing Law of the Philippines" upon ratification of President Ramon Magsaysay.
• On January 28, 1959, the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines prepared by NAMPAP was promulgated and approved by Malacañang.
• Before Martial Law in 1972, Republic Act No. 6541 otherwise known as the "Building Code of the Philippines" was passed with the "National Plumbing Code of 1959" as referral code in full text.
• The Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) adopted the Revised Plumbing Code of 1999 which President Joseph Estrada approved December 21, 1999 pursuant to Section 4 of R.A. 1378 known as the Plumbing Law.
• Water Distribution System


  • To deliver water to all customers of the system in sufficient quantity for potable drinking water and fire protection purposes, at the appropriate pressure, with minimal loss, of safe and acceptable quality, and as economically as possible
• Fire Protection System


  • Includes fire suppression, sprinklers, smoke detectors, and other fire protection equipment that works in tandem to protect against fire. It is best to work with a fire protection company that understands the needs of your property and provides a variety of integrated protection systems
• Plumbing Fixtures


  An exchangeable device which can be connected to a plumbing system to deliver and drain water

  
• Sanitary Drainage System


  • A system of piping within public or private premises that conveys sewage or other liquid waste to an approved point of disposal. The intent is to design and install sanitary drainage systems that will function reliably, are neither undersized nor oversized, and are constructed from materials, fittings and connections whose quality is regulated by codes and standards
• Storm Drainage System


  • A network of structures, channels and underground pipes that carry storm water (rain water) to ponds, lakes, streams and rivers. The network consists of both public and private systems
• Objectives of Plumbing


  • To supply water to different parts of the building
  • To remove and discharge human wastes and other substances out of building into the public sewer or septic tank
• Conditions for an Effective Water Supply in Building

  • To provide sufficient amount of water supply each fixture
  • To prevent back flow of used water into the water supply system
• The Plumbing Cycle


  • Supply
  • Distribution
  • Use
  • Collection
  • Disposal
  • Treatment
  • Source
• Air Gap


  An unobstructed vertical distances through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacles

  
• Back Flow


  The flow of water, or other liquid mixture or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source, other than its intended source
• Back Siphonage


  The back flow of used contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe
• Battery of Fixture


  Any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharges into a common horizontal waste pipe or soil branch
• Bib


  Synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc. the word faucet is preferred
• Blind Flange


  A flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of water
• Blow off


  A controlled outlet on a pipeline used to discharge water
• Branch


  Any part of piping system other than the main riser or stack
• Branch Interval


  The length of a soil or waste stack corresponding in general to storey height, but in no case less than 2.40 meters within which the horizontal branches from one floor or storey of a building are connected to the stack
• Branch Vent


  A vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent

  
• Calking


  Plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials, that are pounded into the place or opening
• Circuit Vent


  A branch vent that serves two or more traps, and extends from the front of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent stack

  
• Continuous Vent


  A vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which the vents connects
• Combination Waste and Vent System


  A specially designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks or floor drains by means of common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free movement of an above the flow line of the drain

  
• Common Vent


  A drain from two or three fixture connected to a single trap. It is also called a dual vent

  
• Cross Connection


  Any physical connection between two otherwise separate piping system, one contains potable water, and the other from unknown or questionable safety, whereby, water may flow from one system to other direction flow depending on the pressure differential between two systems
• Dead End


  The extended portion of a pipe that is closed at one end permitting the stagnation of water or air therein

  
• Developed Length


  The Length along the center of the pipe and fitting
• Diameter


  Diameter of a pipe or tube refers to the nominal internal diameter (ID) of such pipe, except brass and copper tube where the term refers to the outside diameter (OD) of the pipe
• Drainage System


  Includes, all piping within the public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid waste, to a legal point of disposal It does not include the mains of the public sewer system private or public sewerage treatment disposal plant
• Dry Vent


  A vent that does not carry water, or water borne wastes
• Effective opening


  The minimum cross sectional area at the point of water supply discharges, measured for expressed in terms of diameter of a circle. If the opening is not a circle, the diameter of a circle that is equivalent to the cross section area is used

  
• Drainage System


  Includes all piping within the public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid waste, to a legal point of disposal. It does not include the mains of the public sewer system or private or public sewerage treatment disposal plant
• Effective opening


  The minimum cross sectional area at the point of water supply discharges, measured for expressed in terms of diameter of a circle. If the opening is not a circle, the diameter of a circle that is equivalent to the cross sectional area (This applicable to air gap)