ALKANE

• Diamonds and pencil lead are both pure carbon!
• Organic chemistry explores the amazing variety of structures carbon forms
• Organic compounds


  Molecules with carbon atoms as a central building block, bonding with other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
• Hydrocarbon


  Organic chemical compound composed of hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) atoms only
• Aliphatic hydrocarbons


  • Organic compounds made only of carbon and hydrogen, with straight or branched chains, and can be saturated or unsaturated
  • The simpler type of hydrocarbon, with methane (CH₄) as the simplest example
• Aliphatic hydrocarbons


  • Alkanes
  • Alkenes
  • Alkynes
• Alkanes


  The simplest hydrocarbons, consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked by single bonds
• Alkenes


  Hydrocarbon molecules with a double carbon bond, making them more reactive than alkanes
• Alkenes


  • Ethene
  • Propene
  • Butene
• Alkynes


  Organic molecules with a carbon-triple bond, making them more reactive than alkanes and alkenes
• Alkynes


  • Ethyne
  • Propyne
• Aromatic


  Stable molecules with ring structures and special electron sharing, different from regular alternating single and double bonds
• Aromatic hydrocarbons


  • Phenol
  • Benzaldehyde
  • Benzoic acid
  • Benzene