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B2 DNA
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replication, transcription and translation
Biology > B2 DNA
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The structure of
DNA
consists of
two
strands twisted around each other, forming a
double helix.
DNA is a
polymer
of
nucleotides
, each of which is a
deoxyribose sugar
, a
phosphate group
and a
nitrogenous base
RNA is a
polymer
of
nucleotides
, each of which is a
ribose sugar
, a
phosphate group
and a
nitrogenous base
There are four different types of bases found in DNA:
adenine
,
guanine
,
cytosine
and
thymine
There are four different types of bases found in RNA:
adenine
,
guanine
,
cytosine
and
uracil
Guanine always pairs with
cytosine
Adenine always pairs with
thymine
or
uracil
The base sequence is
universal
and is the
same
in all organisms.
The base sequence is
non-overlapping
and each base is only read
once.
The base sequence is
degenerate
, meaning that
different
base sequences can code for the
same
amino acids
One
amino acid is coded for by three DNA base(one
triplet
). This is know as a
codon.
There are 2
stop
codons. These
do not
code for
amino acids.
The two DNA strands are
antiparallel
, meaning they are in opposite directions.
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