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• Applied Research- Conducted to generate knowledge that influences or improves practice
• Basic research - Research conducted to increase the understanding of phenomena, without any immediate application
• Conceptual Definition- A variable, such as anxiety, may be defined as a feeling of uneasiness
• concepts The building blocks of theories
• constitutive definition - The basic, dictionary meaning
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  Delimitations - It addresses how the study will be narrowed in scope. Delimitations - It addresses how the study will be narrowed in scope.

  Dependent variable - The concept that the researcher is most interested in understanding
• Descriptive statistics - Statistics that describe characteristics of a sample or population
• Descriptive study - Research design that describes “what is” e.g. a survey experiment - A research design used to find “cause-effect” relationships the “effect of…on…” Experimental Group - The one that gets the treatment External validity - How generalizable the results are as it concerns other populations and locations extraneous - Variables that may influence or contaminate the data heterogeneous - Groups under study are very different or varied. homogeneous - Groups that are very similar
• Independent variable - The concept being studied that usually indicates the influence or cause; the one that the researcher is manipulating hypothesis - A statement written by the researcher that states the relationship among or between variables Inductive Reasoning - The basis for the qualitative research approach Deductive Reasoning - Depends on premises and is the basis for the quantitative research approach Internal validity - The extent to which a study measures what it is supposed to measure (accuracy within a study)
• Limitations - identify potential weaknesses of the study.
• Methodology - Systematic approach to the conduct of a process. It includes steps of procedure, application of techniques, systems of analysis, and the modes of inquiry employed by a discipline. mode The score that occurs the most Null Hypothesis - The proposition, to be tested statistically, that the experimental intervention has "no effect. Operational definition - How a term is used in a study
• investigator - The person who oversees a research population - the target group under investigation. The population is the entire set under consideration. Samples are drawn from populations

  Purpose of the study - specific research aims and objectives for the research.

  random - by chance
• Quantitative Research- Answer a specific research question by showing statistical evidence that the data may be addressed in a particular way (experimental).
• Research Methodology-

  The method of research design (paradigm as well as statistics and analysis) as well as the approximate timeline for completion of the study.
• Significance of the Study


  It is written as part of the introduction section of a thesis. It provides details to the reader on how the study will contribute such as what the study will contribute and who will benefit from it.
• Standard deviation


  A measure of spread; the average deviation of a group of scores from the mean
• Statement of the problem


  Part of the introduction which enumerates the research questions which the study sought to answer.
• Statistical Analysis


  Application of statistical processes and theory to the compilation, presentation, discussion, and interpretation of numerical data.
• Statistical significance


  An important finding that did not likely happen by chance
• Statistics Mathematical tools based on the normal curve used to analyze data; it must match with research designs
• validity - Accuracy, the extent to which a test or study measures what it is supposed to measure
• theory - An generalization that presents a representation about relationships among phenomena
• Control group - In experiments, the one that does not get the treatment
• variable - A quality of interest or concepts that can be manipulated, observed or studied
• Research- A systematic, objective way to generate facts
• Relationship- The bond or connection between two variables
• sample- A smaller group that represents population of interest
• Research design- The method for finding out what the researcher wants to know
• Qualitative Research- Trying to verify or generate descriptive theory that is grounded in the data gleaned from the investigation (naturalistic).
• Questionnaire- Structured sets of questions on specified subjects that are used to gather information.
• Random sample- Everybody has the same chance of being assigned to any group.
• Participant - Also called respondents, their characteristics and responses are the object of study in research Principle