sts 3

• Diwata


  Spirits that the early Filipinos believed accompanied them in their daily lives and controlled their surroundings
• Barangays


  • Geographically scattered, self-sufficient, autonomous communities present all over the archipelago long before the Spaniards came
  • Subsistence economies producing mainly what they needed but with exception to those early Filipinos who are involved in trades
• Early Filipinos


  • Produced adzes, ornaments of seashells and pottery of various designs
  • Learned to make metal tools and implements - copper, gold, bronze and, later, iron
  • Engaged in the actual extraction of iron from ore, smelting and refining
• Trade


  • By the 10th century A.D., the inhabitants of Butuan were trading with Champa (Vietnam)
  • Those of Ma-i (Mindoro) were trading with China
  • Regular trade relations between the Philippines and China had been well established during the 10th to the 15th centuries
• Agriculture


  • Early Filipinos were able to grow crops such as rice, cotton, and other vegetables
  • They were also able to domesticate swine, goats, and fowls
  • Lowland rice was cultivated in diked fields and in terraced fields which utilized spring water
• Settlements


  • Coastal areas had more sophisticated technology (engaging in agriculture, developed a system of writing, weights and measures; wore colorful clothes and made their own gold jewelry, houses made of wood or bamboo)
  • Interior and mountain settlements, many Filipinos were still living as hunters and gatherers