theo exam

• Three Public ministry of Jesus

  • Teaching in Synagogues
  • Preaching the Good News of the Kingdom
  • Healing people- when Jesus heals, he heals both your sickness and your spirituality
• Palestine (Now called as State of Palestine)- situated in what is so called FERTILE CRESENT which is divided today among Iraq, Southern Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Israel
• Palestine came under the control of the Roman Empire capturing Jerusalem that ended up the Hasmonean Rule


  63 A.D
• The people in the Land of Jesus were known under different names

  • JEWS
  • ISRAELITES
  • SEMITES
  • HEBREWS
• SILVER DENARIUS MINTED BY Julius Caesar- the most circulated coin
• Palestine was under the regime of Roman Rulers however; the Romans did not directly govern the place but instead they selected particular families as overseers of the state
• Families selected by Romans as overseers of the state

  • Idumean Jews
  • Herodians
• Herod the Great

  He had great internal power in Israel
• Herod the Great died

  4BC
• Herod the Great's territory divided among his three sons

  • HEROD ANTIPAS
  • HEROD PHILIP
  • HEROD ARCHELAUS
• Herod Antipas


  He was the Herod that Jesus knew during His public ministry, considered as "FOX" by Jesus meaning he was a crafty and cunning leader
• Herod Philip


  He was behind the rebuilding of the City of Paneas which he renamed as "CAESAREA PHILIPPI"
• Herod Archelaus


  He was disposed because he could not keep his territory in order and he ruthlessly slaughtered his opponents, succeeded by PONTIOUS PILATE as the Roman procurator of Judea
• Significant groups during the time of Jesus

  • SADDUCESS
  • PHARISEES
  • ESSENES
  • ZEALOTS
  • SCRIBES
  • HERODIANS
  • SANHEDRIN
  • TAX COLLECTORS
• Sadducees

  "righteous ones", belonged to the priestly families which they presented the wealthy aristocracy (high class)
• Pharisees


  "the separated ones", known as the strict and literal interpreters of the Jewish Law, considered as LEGALISTIC HYPOCRITES
• Essenes


  Believed to be the writers of the DEAD SEA SCROLLS found in the caves of KHIRBET QUMRAN, lived a monastic way of life, practiced celibacy
• Zealots

  Rebellious group, for them violence is the only key to achieve independence, known as "sicarii" (dagger men)
• Scribes


  Professional scholars trained in the preservation of knowledge and the interpretation of the Jewish scriptures, known as "Doctors of the law" or "Teachers of the law"
• Herodians


  More of a political party rather than a religious one, supporters of Herod Antipas
• Sanhedrin


  Means "SENATE" or "ASSEMBLY", composed of 70 members, "the elders" of the land, main governing body
• Tax Collectors


  Portrayed as "sinners", collected Temple Tax which male above 20 were mandated to pay half a shekel annually, a Jew who tried to engage in this competition was branded as a "traitor"
• Jewish Law and Institutions

  • The law
  • The temple or Jerusalem temple
  • The Synagogue
• The law


  Referred to the written text of the first five books, the Jewish Scripture were known as "TANAK": Torah, Nebi'im (the prophets), Kethubim (the writings)
• The temple or Jerusalem temple

  Central and the most sacred institution for all the Jews, called as "house of prayer", there were three daily set time for prayer, place where priest offered and performed animal sacrifices (lamb), HEART of worship in the temple- sacrificial offering
• The Synagogue

  (Greek: "sunagogos"= place of meeting), became the center primarily for teaching and study of the scriptures as well as for prayer and worship, unlike the temple, synagogue is intended for weekly assembly on the SABBATH for reading the Torah
• Some highly celebrated Jewish festivals and religious practices

  • Passover (heb. Pesah)
  • Pentecost (penta-5)
  • Feast of the Tabernacles or Booths (Heb. Sukkot)
  • The Sabbath (Heb. Shabbath)
  • Feast of the Dedication (Heb. Hanukkah)
• Passover


  Most popular festival, commemorate the freedom of the Israelites when God liberated them form slavery, includes the ritual slaughter of paschal lambs in the temple and consumption of its meat in a domestic meal
• Pentecost


  Celebrated 50 days after Passover, day of thanksgiving for good harvest, OMER was a grain offering that marked the beginning of the spring grain harvest
• Feast of the Tabernacles or Booths

  Tabernacle literally meant "LITTLE HUTS", this feast was marked by ritual of drawing of water and illumination of one of the Temple courts, also commemorate the stay of the Israelites in the desert
• The Sabbath

  Sabbath was a religious celebration "seventh day", begins on Friday evening and ends at the same time on Saturday evening, Jesus said "the sabbath was made for man, not man for the sabbat"
• Feast of the Dedication

  Celebrated to commemorate the rededication of the temple
• Kingdom of God

  Practical meaning-the total well-being of a person, HERE AND NOW BUT NOT YET FULFILLED
• The "ORAL TRADITION" refers to the stage when Jesus followers continued the mission entrusted to then where in they PREACHED, TAUGHT AND HEALED
• Oral Tradition


  Passing information through mouth, when passing information, you are going to verify the "integrity" of the source, there is a proliferation, this what we so called "fake news" or "fake information"
• Task of the Evangelist


  To uphold the gospel tradition as spokespersons for the church, an evangelist is someone who is called by God to share the gospel with others and to lead them to faith in Jesus
• Four Gospels

  • MARK
  • MATTHEW
  • LUKE
  • JOHN
• Mark's Gospel

  The first of the written gospels, talks about the ministry of Jesus from his baptism by John the Baptist to his death, the burial of his body, and the discovery of his empty tomb
• Matthew's Gospel


  Matthew was one of Jesus' followers, an apostle or "messenger" who helped spread Jesus' message, wrote his account of Jesus's ministry to show that Jesus was and is indeed the King, Israel's long-awaited Messiah
• Luke's Gospel


  Luke wrote two works, an account of the life and teachings of Jesus, and the Book of Acts, the Gospel of Luke tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ