RvBIN F3RNvNd3z pt. 1

• The 1987 Constitution Article XIV Sections 1-5(5) outlines the legal bases of the Philippine educational system
• Key points from the 1987 Constitution Article XIV Sections 1-5(5)


  • Section 1: The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all
  • Section 2: The State shall establish, maintain and support a complete, adequate and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society; establish and maintain a system of free public education in the elementary and high school levels; establish and maintain a system of scholarship grants, student loan programs, subsidies and other incentives; encourage non-formal, informal and indigenous learning systems; and provide adult citizens, the disabled and out-of-school youth with training
  • Section 3: All educational institutions shall include the study of the Constitution, inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of national heroes, teach rights and duties of citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral character and personal discipline, encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and technological knowledge and promote vocational efficiency; religion shall be allowed to be taught to children by instructors designated or approved by the religious authorities
  • Section 4: The state recognizes the complementary roles of public and private institutions in the educational system and shall exercise reasonable supervision and regulation; educational institutions shall be allowed solely by Filipino citizens or corporations/associations with at least 60% Filipino ownership; the control and administration of educational institutions shall be vested in Filipino citizens; revenues and assets of non-stock, non-profit educational institutions used for educational purposes shall be tax-exempt; proprietary educational institutions may also be entitled to tax exemptions
  • Section 5: The State shall take into account regional and sectoral needs and conditions and encourage local planning in educational policies and programs; academic freedom shall be enjoyed in all institutions of higher learning; every citizen has a right to select a profession or course of study; the State shall enhance the right of teachers to professional advancement and ensure that teaching will attract and retain the best available talents through adequate remuneration and other means of job satisfaction and fulfilment
• Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 (The Education Act of 1982) provides for the establishment and maintenance of an integrated system of education
• Key points from Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 (The Education Act of 1982)

  • The Act shall apply to and govern both formal and non-formal system in public and private schools in all levels of the entire educational system
  • The national development goals are: to achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development and social progress, to assure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and enjoyment of the benefits of such growth, and to achieve and strengthen national unity and consciousness and preserve, develop and promote desirable cultural, moral and spiritual values
  • The State shall promote the right of every individual to relevant quality education, regardless of sex, age, creed socio-economic status, physical and mental conditions, racial or ethnic origin, political or other affiliation
  • The State shall promote and maintain equality of access to education as well as the enjoyment of the benefits of education by all its citizens