Kasaysayan

• History

  A field of study that examines the historical occurrences in people's, nations', and the world's life
• Historia

  Greek word meaning a thorough study
• Herodotus (c. 484-425/413 BCE) is regarded as the "Father of History" since he first adopted the term "historia" and was a compelling narrator who had a keen interest in local traditions
• History

  Continuous and systematic narrative of past events, related to a particular country, people, period, person, etc. usually written as a chronological account; chronicle or records
• History

  • Studies the past and the legacies of the past in the present
  • Continuous and chronological recording of events with significance
• History

  Kasaysayan
• Kasaysayan


  Tuloy-tuloy at kronolohikong pagtatala ng mga pangyayari sa nakalipas na may kabuluhan
• Historia

  Greek word meaning research or investigation
• The meaning of history has evolved over time, from a report or summary of research results to encompassing past significant events and records of these events
• History

  A science that examines, describes and investigates past significant events of a group of people
• In recent decades, the study of history has been based on various data sources such as documents, coins, seals, images and carved statues
• In the past, the writing of history was important for government leaders to justify their actions, with laws and treaties becoming important data sources
• More recently, the data sources for history are not just written records, but also objects related to people's lives, such as tools, remains, dwellings, plants, images, computer files, and the surrounding environment
• History as a discipline or science developed in the 19th century
• In academic research, the interpretation of historians is based on a critical analysis of the available evidence
• Possession and transmission of a culture that man differs from other animals

  • The first culture began with the use of tools and articulate speech
• History (for Nick Joaquin)

  Not merely the chronological reconstruction of the past nor an analytical interpretation of past events, but a process of creation and formation of culture, specifically a national culture
• History


  • The study of past events
  • Presents the known past
  • What is unknown is yet to be retrieved
  • The recording and analysis of experiences of a society comprise the totality of a people's history
• Use of interrelated discipline is necessary to understand the reasons and consequence of human actions
• Philosophies of history, theories of some great thinkers should be considered in investigation and interpretation of the past
• These theories could explain how and why events happen in societies
• History

  • Often described as the mother or queen of social sciences
  • It outdates all other social sciences
• Kasaysayan


  History
• History is the basis of all subjects of study which are grouped under Humanities or social sciences
• History is considered an indispensable subject in providing man's complete education
• The diverse and rich social foundations of life, whether language, material culture, national identity, or the organization of work and politics, are the palpable inheritance of a resilient human past
• Historian


  Produces historical knowledge through the continuous and constant pursuit of historical knowledge by answering questions about the past through gathering and interpreting historical evidence
• Student of History


  Revels in amazement about our fascinating past, the historian is occupied with asking relevant historical questions and answering them through rigorous historical perspective and method to fulfill the uses of history
• Task of Historians


  • Asking relevant historical questions
  • Answering them through rigorous historical perspective and method
  • Fulfilling the uses of history
• Types of historical sources

  • Non-written sources
  • Written sources
  • Archaeology
  • Linguistic
  • Ethnography
• Non-written sources


  Sources that are passed down from generation to generation through oral communication but are not recorded in writing
• Types of non-written sources

  • Oral traditions
  • Oral testimony
• Oral traditions


  Include poetry, ballads, dirges, hunting chants, and songs that are passed down verbally
• Oral testimony


  Dissemination of knowledge about a historical event by those who were present when it happened
• Advantages of oral sources

  • Highly trustworthy
  • Widely and easily accessible at any time
  • Verifiable if the person providing the information is present
• Disadvantages of oral sources

  • Subject to falsification
  • Distortion owing to the person's own self-interest
  • Addition and deletion of material
  • Memory loss
  • Lack of chronology in which precise date is absent
  • Usage of phrases like "once upon a time" and "in the beginning"
• Written sources


  Historical events that have been documented and passed down from one generation
• Examples of written sources

  • Traveler's accounts
  • Chronicles
  • Diaries
  • Arabic writings by Muslim academics used in preserving ancient history
  • Trader accounts
  • Colonial records
  • Contemporary academic works
• Advantages of written sources

  • Provide details on the social, political, and economic lives of the people
  • Outlive their authors
• Disadvantages of written sources

  • May be lost, destroyed by water, insects, rodents, fire, or other natural disasters
  • May be altered to the author's taste
  • May contain prejudices based on race and religion