Chapter 2: Developing As A Whole Person

• Adolescence came from Latin word adolescere that means "to mature"
• Adolescence


  a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generaly occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood.
• Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years.
• In boys, the first puberty change is the enlargement of the scrotum and testes.
• The first growth of pubic hair produces long, soft hair that is only in a small area around the genitals.
• The pubic hair eventually looks like adult hair, but in a smaller area. It may spread to the thighs and sometimes up the stomach.
• Some boys may get some swelling in the chest area. This is a result of the hormonal changes that are happening. This is common among teenage boys and is often a short-term or temporary condition.
• Erections


  This is when the penis becomes hard and erect because it is filled with blood.
• Semen, which is made up of sperm and other body fluids, may be released during an erection. This is called Ejaculation
• Ejaculation


  Sometimes this may happen while the teen is sleeping. This is called a wet dream (nocturnal emission).
• The earliest sign of puberty in most girls is the development of breast "buds," nickel-sized bumps under the nipple.
• Coarser hair will begin to grow in the genital area, under the arms, and on the legs. In some girls (about 15%), pubic hair may be the first sign of puberty-showing up before breast budding starts.
• Most girls get their first period within 2-3 years after the development of breast buds. Young girls should know that it's okay to talk about periods and ask questions about them.
• Most girls have their growth spurt at a younger age than boys do. The fastest rate of height growth usually occurs in girls between when breast buds start to develop and about 6 months before they get their period.
• Her hips will get wider and her waist may get smaller.
• Early Adolescence rangers in the age approximately 10 to 14 years
• Middle Adolescence occurs on 15 to 17 years olds
• Late Adolescence occurs usually to 18 to 24 year olds
• Socio-emotional development is how children start to understand who they are, what they are feeling and what to expect when interacting with others that is largely characterized by the quest for identity during adolescence stage.
• identity refers to a definite idea ot the self, who one is, what he or she want to take on in the future, and what he or she believes in.
• Neurotransmitters


  These are chemical messengers in the body that transmit signals from nerve cells to target cells.
• Neurotransmitters 


  it help manage automatic responses such as breathing and heart rate, but they also have psychological functions such as learning, managing mood, fear, pleasure, and happiness.
• Neurotransmitters are released from synaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft where they are able to interact with neurotransmitter receptors on the target cell.
• gaba 


  anxiety
• Serotonin 


  happiness and mood
• Histamine 


  body functions; wakefulness, feeding behavior and motivation.
• Dopamine 


  pleasure
• Epinephrine


  Fear and Stress
• Norepinephrine 


  blood pressure and heart rate
• Endorphins 


  pain reliever
• Acetylcholine


  Activating Muscles
• Cognitive Triangle may refer to the relationship between our thoughts, feelings, and actions.
• What neurotransmitter is responsible for fight or flight responses of our body?

  Epinephrine
• Neurotransmitters are connected to; Brain function, Breathing, Heartbeat and Digestion