information processing and feedback

• guidance - visual, verbal, manual, mechanical
• visual advantage - useful for all levels, see what is required, can copy
• visual disadvantage - must be good quality, some skills are too complex, not effective if players arent paying attention
• verbal advantages - high levels, highlighting key points, basic information sharing
• verbal disadvantages - information overload, boring, hard to hear, can be too complex to say verablly
• manual guidance - coach move the performer for the correct skill
• manual guidance advantage - complete beginners, develop the correct feel
• manual guidance disadvantage - can feel different when you do it yourself, may not think they are actually performing the skill
• mechanical guidance advantage - good for dangerous skills, can do without fear, building confidence
• mechanical guidance disadvantage - expensive equipment, rely on aid
• Input

  takes in information from the environment, chooses the most relevant piece of information at the time.
• selective attention


  picking out most important parts of the display
• Decision Making

  Where the performer selects the appropriate response; could be one they have used before. (STM or LTM)
• Output

  the chosen decision is made and acted upon. The brain sends information out to the muscles
• Feedback

  Information on how they performed or the outcome. It is received intrinsically or extrinsically
• Information processing model

  The four stage process that a performer goes through to make a decision and act upon it
• Short Term Memory

  System for storing a small amount of information for a brief period, 7 pieces of info for 60 secs
• Long term memory


  memory store that can hold vast amounts of information for a long period
• Rehearse

  repeat information over and over in order to get the information processed and stored as a memory
• Intrinsic feedback

  Information that comes from within, concerning the feel of movement, such as what it feels like to balance
• Extrinsic feedback

  Information that comes from an external source, e.g a teacher, coach or response from a crowd.
• Limited channel capacity

  Our brains can only process a certain amount of information at once, too much info results in overload
• Single channel hyposthesis

  The theory that when receiving many stimuli form the environment, the brain can only deal with one stimulus at a time.
• Multi channel hyposthesis

  The theory that the brain can process different types of information at the same time by using different stimuli