Henry VII's Consolidation of Power

• When was the Battle of Bosworth Field

  22nd August 1485
• Who were two people who played a significant role in the Battle of Bosworth Field?

  Lord Stanley and his brother Sir William Stanley
• Who did Richard III kill which cause the brother's to get involved?

  Henry's stand bearer
• What did Henry do to Richard after the Battle?

  Richard III was stripped naked and tied to a horse
• What sort of king did winning the Battle of Bosworth Field make Henry?

  King by conquest
• Why was Richard III an unpopular King?

  Suspected of murdering his nephews by leaving them in the tower of London
• What were Richard's nephews nicknamed?

  The Princes in the Tower
• What was England's opinion on Richard III?

  North were very loyal to Richard

  South and West were suspicious of Richard and used the Princes in the Tower one of the motives for rebellion
• When and Where was Henry Tudor born?

  28th Jan 1457, Pembrokeshire Castle Wales
• Who did Henry grow up with?

  Jasper Tudor Henry's Uncle
• Where did Henry spend most of his upbringing and why?

  Sent to France and spent time Brittany also due to the threat of assassination as he was one of few Lancastrians left
• What events gave Henry the opportunity to steal the throne from Richard?

  Death of his wife and Duke of Buckingham's rebellion
• Why was Stanley reluctant to support Richard?

  Richard held Thomas' son hostage to ensure his loyalty
• Who escaped from the Battle of Bosworth Field?

  Earl of Lincoln (John de la Pole), Viscount Lovell (Francis Lovell) and Stafford brothers (Thomas and Humphrey)
• What were four things Henry had to do to establish control after the Battle of Bosworth Field?

  Birth of the Tudor Rose, Producing an Heir, Pre-dating his reign and Timing his coronation
• What was the importance of the Tudor Rose

  Marriage to Elizabeth of York- Ensured both houses would accept him as King, Tudor Rose was clever propaganda to combine both roses, Any children would be Tudors
• What was the importance of Producing an Heir?

  Birth of Arthur and then Henry secured the Tudor dynasty for the future.
• What was the importance of Pre-dating his reign?

  It enabled Henry to declare everyone who opposed him as a traitor. Under the Act of Attainder he could confiscate their land as royal property
• What was the importance of Timing his coronation?

  Timing his coronation before the first meeting of Parliament, meant that it couldn't be argued that parliament made him King and it stopped him being indebt to them
• When was his reign pre-dated to?

  21st August 1485
• When was Henry's coronation?

  30th October 1485
• When was the Lovell Rebellion?

  March 1486
• Who was behind the Lovell Rebellion?

  Viscount Lovell (Francis Lovell) and the Stafford brothers (Thomas and Humphrey)
• How was the Lovell Rebellion quashed?

  By Royal pardon-easily suppressed
• What happened to the plotters of the Lovell Rebellion?

  Viscount Lovell fled to Burgundy, both brothers were captured Humphrey was executed and Thomas was pardoned and released
• Who was Margaret of Burgundy?


  Sister of Richard III, married Charles the Bold (1477), Step-son was Emperor Maximilian
• What was Margaret of Burgundy's significance?


  Disliked Henry so sheltered rebels Francis (Viscount) Lovell and John de la Pole (Earl of Lincoln)
• Who was behind the Simnel Revolt?

  Oxford Priest, Lambert Simnel and Earl of Kildare
• What happened during Simnel Revolt?

  Lambert Simnel posed as Richard Duke of York (youngest Prince in the Tower), who went to Ireland which was the Yorkist plotting centre where he changed his identity to Earl of Warwick as there were rumours of his death. Many Irish nobles and Earl of Kildare supported Simnel
• When was Lambert Simnel crowned King in Dublin?


  May 1487, crowned as Edward VI
• How did Henry discredit Simnel as an imposter?

  Paraded the real Earl of Warwick to disprove rumours, offered pardons (non taken) and many Ricardians in the North who were unenthusiastic
• When and What was the Battle of Stoke Field?

  June 16th 1487, the last battle of the War of the Roses
• Aftermath of the Battle of Stoke Field

  Earl of Lincoln ( John de la Pole) dead
• Aftermath of Simnel Revolt

  Simnel was captured, Francis Lovell's body was never found, underlined Henry's vulnerability, highlighted issues with foreign relations (Burgundy) and two wings of Henry's army held back at East Stoke until it was clear he would win-showing loyalty wasn't guaranteed
• When was the Cornish Rebellion?

  June 17th 1487
• When was the Yorkshire Rebellion?

  1489
• What do the Cornish and Yorkshire Rebellions have in common?

  Both rebellions due to raised taxes
• Why were taxes raised in 1487?

  They were raised to produce funds to defend the North border against potential Scottish invasion to support Perkin Warbeck and resulted in Cornish Rebellion
• Why were taxes raised in 1489?

  To produce funds to go towards Brenton Crisis but resulted in Earl of Northumberland's death and Yorkshire Rebellion
• What were Henry's 4 aims to consolidate power?

  - Establish effective Govn. - Maintain Law and Order

  - Control the nobility

  -Secure the crown's finances