UCSP-Q4

• Social stratification is the classification of people into socioeconomic class, based upon their occupation and income, wealth and social status.
• Stratification is the relative social position of people within a social group, category, geographic region, or social unit.
• Social stratification is distinguished as three social classes: the upper class, the middle class, and the lower class
• each class can be subdivided into strata: the upper-stratum, the middle-stratum, and

  the lower stratum.
• Social stratum can be formed upon the bases of kinship or caste, or both.
• Social desirables are resources considered valuable by societies. These resources may be tangible or intangible
• prestige, power, and wealth are three important social desirables
• Social standing reflects persons’ worth and access to social, political, and symbolic capital.
• Karl Marx looked at it in terms of wealth produced in relation to the ownership of the means of production. Wealth may refer to money, properties, and similar tangible resources.
• Max Weber, on the other hand, differentiates them into three: wealth, power, and prestige. Individual’s social standing can be measured, all at once, based on their relative access to these three.
• KARL MARX ECONOMIC STATURE Material posperity, ownershipof the means of production
• MAX WEBER

  POWER-Political or social authority or control, especially that which is exercised by a government

  WEALTH- Material posperity

  PRESTIGE - Widespread respect and admiration felt for someone due to his or her achievements or quality
• Social mobility refers to changes of individuals, families, households, or other categories of people within or between social class in a society. It is a change in social status relative to one's current social location within a given society.
• 2. Vertical mobility

  It is a change in the occupational, political, or religious status of a person that causes

  a change in their societal position. A person or social object moves from one social class to another.
• 3. Upward mobility

  It is when a person moves from a lower position in society to a higher one. It can also include people occupying higher positions in the same societal group. However, upward mobility, while seen as a good thing, can also come at a cost for individuals.
• 4. Downward mobility

  It takes place when a person moves from a higher position in society to a lower one. It happen when someone is caught performing a wrongful act that can result in the loss of the position they currently hold.
• 5. Inter-generational mobility

  This happen when the social position changes from one generation to another. The change can be upward or downward.
• 6. Intra-generational mobility

  Change in societal position occurs during the lifespan of a single generation. It can also refer to a change in position between siblings. One way is when a person climbs up the corporate ladder in their career.
• Prestige-refers to the evaluation of status. The prestige does not apply directly to the person but to the social category to which that person belongs to.
• Esteem-refers to the assessment of our role behavior. The regard in which one is held depends on how well he carries out his role.
• Closed System

  People are born into their social standing and remain in it.

  Limited interaction among members of different social groups or occupy different levels in social hierarchy.

  Resistant to change in social roles.
• Open System

  Individuals can change social class within the society.

  Flexible social roles and increased social mobility.

  Interactions among different social groups are allowed
• Caste System

  people can do little or nothing to change their social standing.

  People are assigned occupations or social roles regardless of their talents, interests, or potential
• Jati System

  Brahmins

  Kshatriyas

  Vaishyas

  Shudras
• Class System

  Individuals can change social class within the society.

  Flexible social roles and increased social mobility.

  Interactions among different social groups are allowed.
• Functionalist Theory

  Stratification is based on intrinsic value of social activities or roles
• Conflict Theory

  Stratification benefits only some

  people, not the entire society. Stratification causes inequality.

  Drawn from ideas of Karl Marx.

  Marx believed that social stratification came from the people's relationship with production: either they're factory owners, or they are workers.
• Symbolic Interactionism

  Micro-level perspective; tries to explain how people's standing in society affects their day-to-day interactions. We tend to socialize with people of the same group. class or background.

  Stratification becomes a system that groups people.