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• 10 Neurotic Needs


  • The Need for Affection and Approval
  • The Need for a Partner
  • The Need to restrict one's Life
  • The Need for Power
  • The Need to Exploit Others
  • The Need for Prestige
• The Need for Affection and Approval

  Desire to be liked, to please other people, and meet the expectations of others. People with this need are extremely sensitive to rejection and criticism and fear the anger or hostility of others.
• The Need for a Partner

  Need to be centered on a partner. People with this need have an extreme fear of being abandoned by their partner. They believe that having a partner will resolve all of life's troubles.
• The Need to restrict one's Life

  Prefer to remain inconspicuous and unnoticed. Undemanding and content with little. Avoid wishing for material things, often making their own needs secondary and undervaluing their own talents and abilities.
• The Need for Power

  Seek power for its own sake. Praise strength, despise weakness, and will exploit or dominate other people. Fear personal limitations, helplessness, and uncontrollable situations.
• The Need to Exploit Others

  View others in terms of what can be gained through association with them. Pride themselves on their ability to exploit other people and are often focused on manipulating others to obtain desired objectives.
• The Need for Prestige


  Value themselves in terms of public recognition and professional accomplishments. Material possessions, acclaim, and loved ones are evaluated based on prestige value. Fear public embarrassment and loss of social status.
• Deviance


  A violation of established contextual, cultural or social norms, whether folkways, mores or codified law
• Social Deviance


  The study of violation of cultural norms in either formal (criminal) or informal (deviant) contexts
• Possibilities for how an individual will act in the face of social norms

  • Conform
  • Violate
• Deviant


  The person involved in deviance
• Deviant behavior


  A kind of behavior which does not conform to social expectation, regarded as wrong doings that generate negative reactions
• Things/types of a person regarded as deviant


  • Homosexual
  • Prostitute/prostituted women
  • Drug addicts
  • Radicals
  • Criminals
  • Liars
  • Atheist
  • Card players
  • Bearded men
  • Perverts
  • Obesity
• An act can be criminal and deviant
• An act can be deviant but not criminal
• Behavior or conditions that harm others can be considered deviant
• Something that offends God, or is a violation of certain religious principles can be considered deviant
• Deviance can deviate from the criminal code
• Normative Definition of Deviance


  Deviance can take place in secret; an act or conditions that nobody knows about except the violator
• Reactive Definition of Deviance


  The key characteristic of deviance may be found in actual, concrete instances of a negative reaction to behavior
• Approaches to the Explanation of Deviance

  • The cause is within the deviant; the goal was to discover individual characteristics contributing to becoming involved in deviant behavior
  • The importance of social factors as a cause of deviance; the goal was to explain both the existence of deviant behaviors and its distribution in society
• Assimilation


  A process of interpretation and fusion in which persons and groups acquire the memories, sentiments, and attitudes of other persons or groups and by sharing their experiences and history are incorporated with them in a common cultural life. It is a cultural fusion - a blending of values, attitudes and beliefs.
• Amalgamation

  Intermarriage of persons coming from different ethnic groups.
• Acculturation


  A process by which societies of different cultures are modified through fairly close and long-continued contact but do not blend with one another. Usually a 2-way process, society borrows from the culture of the other without losing its identity.
• Types of groups


  • Work groups
  • Problem-solving groups
  • Social action groups
  • Mediating groups
  • Legislative groups
  • Client groups
• Work groups


  • Perform some task more efficiently through the pooling and coordination of the behavior and resources of a collection of individuals
  • e.g. expedition group to Mayon
• Problem-solving groups


  • Formed on the belief that a group can form a solution more efficiently than a single individual
  • e.g. commissions, task forces, committees
• Social action groups


  • Formed from the desire to influence the course of events in society
  • e.g. parties, lobbies, trade associations, civil rights groups
• Mediating groups


  • e.g. coordinating councils, interdepartmental committees, arbitration boards
• Legislative groups


  • To formulate rules, regulations, laws, policies
  • e.g. boards of directors, government legislative bodies
• Client groups


  • Formed based on the assumption that the performance of certain services is more effective or efficient if the "clients" are treated as groups rather than as individuals
• Background composition of the group, preparation, expectation, arrangements made for the meeting
• Participation Patternmay be one way with leader talking to members, or two-way with leader talking and members responding or multi-directional with all members speaking to one another
• Communication


  Consists of verbal and non-verbal communication of ideas, values, and feelings between the members
• Verbal communication


  Refers to what is expressed verbally
• Non-verbal communication


  Refers to what is expressed non-verbally
• Basic Social Processes


  • Competition
  • Conflict
  • Cooperation
• Competition


  Less violent forms of opposition in which two or more persons or group struggle for some end or goal but in the cause of which attention is formed chiefly on the reward rather than the competition
• Types of competition


  • Personal
  • Impersonal
• Personal competition


  Involves direct contact