DRRR - HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL

• Hydrometeorological hazards


  Process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage
• Hydrometeorological hazards


  • Tropical cyclones (also known as typhoons and hurricanes)
  • Thunderstorms
  • Hailstorms
  • Tornados
  • Blizzards
  • Heavy snowfall
  • Avalanches
  • Coastal storm surges
  • Floods including flash floods
  • Drought
  • Heatwaves
  • Cold spells
• Hydrometeorological conditions can be a factor in other hazards such as landslides, wildland fires, locust plagues, epidemics, and in the transport and dispersal of toxic substances and volcanic eruption material
• Due to global warming climate change


  These natural hazards are expected to increase
• These extreme weather events have a high impact on the world
• Hydrometeorological hazards with highest impacts

  • Floods
  • Hurricanes, cyclone and typhoons
  • Droughts
• Floods


  An overflow of water onto normally dry land
• Floods affect every country, and cause more fatalities and more property damage than any other type of hazard. Not only does it cause injuries and deaths, floods can disrupt water purification and sewage disposal systems, and can cause toxic water waste sited to overflow
• Hurricanes, cyclone and typhoons


  Severe storms that form over tropical water
• How hurricanes/cyclones/typhoons form


  Paano Nabubuo ang Bagyo?
• Droughts


  A prolonged dry period in the natural climate cycle that can occur anywhere in the world. It is a slow-onset disaster characterized by the lack of precipitation, resulting in a water shortage
• Thunderstorms


  Violent short-lived weather disturbance that is almost always associated with lightning, thunder, dense clouds, heavy rain or hail, and strong gusty winds. Thunderstorms arise when layers of warm, moist air rise in a large, swift updraft to cooler regions of the atmosphere
• Hailstorms


  Unusual weather phenomenon in which balls of ice, called hail, fall from the sky. The ice balls are nothing more than solid precipitation that will form under certain conditions
• Hail formation


  Hail is formed at high altitudes within massive clouds when super-cooled water droplets adhere to each other and form layers of ice. The average velocity of a falling hailstone is approximately 106 miles per hour (mph)
• Tornadoes


  Vertical funnels of rapidly spinning air. Their winds may top 250 miles an hour and can clear a pathway a mile wide and 50 miles long. Also known as twisters, tornadoes are born in thunderstorms and are often accompanied by hail. These violent storms occur around the world, but the United States is a major hotspot with about a thousand tornadoes every year
• How tornadoes form


  Tornadoes are born in thunderstorms
• Blizzards


  A storm with large amounts of snow or blowing snow, winds greater than 35 mph (56 kph), and visibility of less than ¼ mile (0.4 km) for at least three hours
• What causes blizzards


  The typical ground blizzard occurs when an Arctic cold front moves through the region, causing temperatures to drop and winds to increase quite rapidly, often reaching gusts of 50 to 60 mph
• Storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide


  Coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones
• Storm tide


  Water level rise due to the combination of storm surge and the astronomical tide
• El Niño


  Large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate interaction linked to a periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific. Warm water is pushed back east, toward the west coast of the Americas. With this shift, areas in the northern U.S. and Canada are dryer and warmer than usual. But in the U.S. Gulf Coast and Southeast, these periods are wetter than usual and have increased flooding
• La Niña


  Periods of below-average sea surface temperatures across the east-central Equatorial Pacific. During La Niña events, trade winds are even stronger than usual, pushing more warm water toward Asia. Off the west coast of the Americas, upwelling increases, bringing cold, nutrient-rich water to the surface. These cold waters in the Pacific push the jet stream northward. This tends to lead to drought in the southern U.S. and heavy rains and flooding in the Pacific Northwest and Canada