shapes of complex ions

• what are the 4 types of shapes for complex ions

  • octahedral
  • tetrahedral
  • square planar
  • linear
• transition metal ions commonly form octahedral complexes with small ligands (e.g. H2O and NH3 ). give an example(s)


  examples

  
• transition metal ions commonly form tetrahedral complexes with larger ligands (e.g.Cl- ). give examples

  examples ; [CoCl4 ]2-

  
• square planar complexes are also formed give an example and draw it

  cisplatin

  
• Ag+ commonly forms linear complexes. e.g. [Ag(NH3 )2 ]+ , [Ag(S2O3 )2 ]3- and [Ag(CN)2 ] - (all colourless).


  example