Chap 3 Biological molecules

    Cards (11)

    • Carbohydrates
      • Biological molecules that serve as nutrients that are essential for living organisms
      • Can be classified as: single sugars (monosaccharides), double sugars (Disaccharides), complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides)
    • Single sugars
      • glucose
      • fructose
    • Reducing sugars
      • Basic unit of carbohydrate
      • Small enough to pass through cell membranes
    • Glucose and fructose are examples of reducing sugars
    • Double sugars
      Formed when two single sugars are joined together
    • Common double sugars
      • maltose (glucose + glucose)
      • sucrose (glucose + fructose)
    • Benedict's Test
      1. Add 2 cm³ of Benedict's solution to 2 cm³ of food sample in a test-tube
      2. Shake the mixture
      3. Heat the contents in a boiling water bath for 2-3 minutes
    • Benedict's Test
      • A green, yellow or red precipitate is formed if reducing sugar is present in trace, moderate or large amounts, respectively
    • Glucose, fructose and maltose are examples of reducing sugars
    • Water is an essential component of all body tissues
    • Water
      • 70% of our body weight is water
      • Is a solvent in which chemical reactions take place
      • Is essential for photosynthesis (Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen)
      • Keeps cells turgid or firm
      • Helps in the transport of mineral salts in plants
      • Regulates body temperature
      • Helps to transport dissolved substances around the body