science 4th quarter

• Latitude


  Imaginary lines that form a circle, smaller at the poles
• Equator


  Latitude 0 degrees, divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres
• North Pole latitude


  90 degrees North
• South Pole latitude


  90 degrees South
• Parallels of latitude


  Lines of latitude that are parallel to the equator and each other
• Longitude


  Imaginary lines that do not form circles, are not parallel to each other, and have the same length
• Prime Meridian


  Longitude 0 degrees, reference line for determining longitude
• Longitude east of Prime Meridian


  Expressed as degrees East (e.g. 15°E, 30°E)
• Longitude west of Prime Meridian


  Expressed as degrees West (e.g. 15°W, 30°W)
• Five lines of latitude with special names

  • Equator (0°)
  • Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)
  • Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
  • Arctic Circle (66.5°N)
  • Antarctic Circle (66.5°S)
• Latitude is written first, followed by longitude, with latitude written as N or S and longitude as W or E
• Tropical climate zone


  • Experiences four seasons
  • Warmer the closer to the equator, colder the closer to the poles
• 
  

  which type of energy resources is utilized through windmill?

  wind energy
• what is the primary source of geothermal energy?

  steam from the earth's surface
• fact about energy resources?

  they produce cheaper electricity
• why is natural gas a clean fuel?

  it burns completely, producing very little pollution
• what type of energy resources is used in solar cells?

  solar energy.
• fact about solar energy?

  can only be used in the day, not nighttime and rainy season.
• example of hydrothermal power plant in the philippines?

  laguna
• why is natural gas a nonrenewable energy?


  it will expire or depleted someday
• when a piece of rock is exposed to the sun, its outer part will expand because it heats up faster than the inner part, what process of soil formation is this?

  expansion
• at night time, the outer part of the rock contracts or shrinks, because the outer part of the rock cools faster than the inner part, what process of soil formation is this?

  contraction
• once broken, water enters the cracks causing some minerals to dissolve. The rock breaks apart further, what process of soil formation is this?

  Weathering
• Air also enters the cracks, and oxygen in the air combines with some elements such as iron to produce iron oxide which is brittle and will easily peel off. In a similar way, carbon dioxide from the air reacts with water to form an acid causing the rock to soften further. Once soft and broken, bacteria and small plants start to grow in the cracks of the rock, what process of soil formation is this?

  erosion