Philippine Administrative System

• Administrative thought - always in a state of continuous change, evolution and adaptation as it has to ‘grow’ to ‘catch up’ with the society together with its ever-changing challenges.
• Dwight Waldo - prominent American academic figure in public administration
• Dwight Waldo - who argued in 1947 that the then current administrative theories and thoughts actually grew and evolved since the industrial revolution from the nineteenth-century
• Public Administration - is the process and contents of implementing public policies and programs. It is cooperative human action whether within the public bureaucracy, the private sector, or in NGOs aimed at delivering servicers to the people.
• There is a Philippine Public Administration as far as there is an American, French and Thai public administration.
• There is a Philippine public administration as far as there are institutions of public administration addressing specific sectoral concerns.
• There is a Philippine public administration as far as it being a field of study is concerned.
• There is a Philippine public administration considering the massive role of the bureaucracy in Philippine public administration.
• There is a Philippine public administration when we consider its major institutions in education, politics and government
• Philippine Administrative System - a network of public organizations with specific goals, policies, structures, resources and programs.
• Philippine Administrative System - includes the internal processes of and interaction between and among the public organizations which are constituted to implement, help formulate, monitor or assess public policies
• Philippine Administrative System - is about the government and its political divisions in the country. It is about the political hierarchy such as the central government, provinces, municipalities and barangay
• Traditionally, the PAS refers - refers to the executive branch, all offices and instrumentalities thereof, local government units, government owned and controlled corporations and chartered institutions such the organizations are constituted to implement, formulate, monitor or assess public policies
• PAS executive departments are : Office of the President and office of the Vice president
• PAS judicial department : Supreme court, Court of Appeals, Judicial and Bar council, Sandiganbayan, Court of Tax Appeals
• PAS legislative departments: Senate of the Philippines and House of Representatives
• PAS constitutional bodies: Civil service Commission, Commission on Audit, Commission on Elections
• PAS special bodies: commission on Human Rights and Ombudsman
• Spanish Colonial bureaucracy - Implemented conflicting imperial expectations about what was expedient for the bureaucracy
• Spanish regime - driven by public office ideology; king has the right to dispose public office in his personal property
• Spanish regime - highly centralized character
• Spaniards negativism to Filipino; since their belief that Indio's were culturally and politically inferior
• Spanish colonial government establish the social institution of bureaucracy.
• colonial bureaucracy had a fatal flaw, moral corruption of its members - the private and personal interests of the members led them to subvert the declared colonial administration.
• Characteristics of Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy

  True: Spain’s colonial objectives which left much room for the bureaucrats to exercise discretion on how they would interpret or implement policies enunciated in Spain;
• Characteristics of Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy

  True : the dependence of the colonial office in Manila on Spain
• Characteristics of Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy

  True: highly centralized organization
• Characteristics of Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy

  True: the philosophy regarding public office of the spanish regime
• Characteristics of Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy

  True: the negativism of the regime against the Filipinos
• American regime: One pursued "without a constant intention" or a particular colonial goal. 
• American regime - Explicit interests existed, as demonstrated by company, church groups, and even military strategists. And there was no consensus about how to go about the colonial venture.
• Characteristics of Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy

  True: Spanish colonial objectives left room for bureaucrats to exercise their discretion on how they would interpret or implement policies enunciated in Spain.
• American Regime - creation of civil service as an non-political organization.
• The civil service board exercised administrative control mandated under the supervision of the governor general
• American regime - its administration govern by law and not by personal decisions and actions of officials
• in American regime, civil government inherited civilians and discharged soldiers by Previous American military government
• In American regime, government officials and employees prohibited from engaging in private business unless permitted by governor-general
• Political interference and the spoiling scheme were removed from the new civil service during the American colonial period.
• Early republic - Granted Independence to the Philippines in 1946. These two party system (American regime and commonwealth) after independence affect the character and nature of civil service
• In Early republic, there still vulnerable to nepotism