ao1

• what is meant by the term maternal deprivation

  prolonged separation from a mother or mother substitute which causes serious damage to emotional and intellectual development
• what was bowlbys quote

  mother-love in infancy and childhood is as important for mental health as vitamins and proteins are for physical health
• what is separation

  child is not in the presence of the attachment figure
• when does separation become deprivation

  if a child is deprived of emotional care for an extended period of time
• what was bowlbys critical period

  2 and a half years.

  he believed that if a child is separated from their mother for an extended duration during this critical period, psychological damage was inevitable

  there is a continuing risk up to to the age of 5
• what did bowlby believe would happen if children were deprived of maternal care for too long during the critical period

  that they would experience delayed intellectual development - evidenced by an abnormally low IQ
• Goldfarb evidence of low iq

  followed 30 orphaned children to age of 12

  half were fostered

  lower iq in those who remained in the institution (68)

  higher in those who were fostered and had higher standards of emotional care (96)
• what's the second way that bowlby believed being deprived of a mothers care affects children

  affectionless psychopathology

  -the inability to experience guilt of strong emotion to each other

  AP cannot appreciate the feelings of victims and so lack remorse for their actions

  this prevents a person developing fulfilling relationships and is associated with criminality
• bowlbys research 44 procedure

  44 criminal teens accused of stealing

  all were interviewed for signs of AP

  families were interviewed to see If there was prolonged separation.

  compared to control of 44 non-criminal but emotionally disturbed young people
• bowlbys findings/ conclusion

  14 of 44 thieves could be described as AP

  12 of these have experiences prolonged separation from their mothers in the first 2 years of their lives

  only 5 of the remaining 30 thieves had experienced separations

  only 2 participants in control group had experiences long separations

  concluded that prolonged early separation//deprivation caused AP