gen sci

• a variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific manner. 


  independent variable
• a result of a change from a manipulated independent variable; being tested and measured.DEPENDENT VARIABLE
• a law of nature wherein it describes the natural phenomenon of a repeated experiment or observations. 


  SCIENTIFIC LAW
• explains "why" or "how" a phenomenon occurs


  SCIENTIFIC THEORY
• a hypothesis that is supported by repeated testing.

  SCIENTIFIC THEORY
• What are the 4 major regions of the Earth

  Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere, Hydrosphere
• The rocky outermost layer of the Earth and is the largest portion of the Earth

  Lithosphere
• contains of crust and upper most solid mantle of the Eartgh

  Listhosphere
• came from a greek word LITHOS, which means rocks or stones

  Lithosphere
• came from a greek word SPHAEROS, which means?


  SPHERE
• The lithosphere can extend to a depth of over ____?

  100 km
• what sphere lies beneath the lithosphere that refers to the weaker, hotter, and much deeper portion of the upper mantle.


  asthenosphere
• who american geologist developed and introduced the term "lithosphere"?


  Joseph Barell
• What are the 2 types of Lithosphere?

  Oceanic and Continental
• what type of lithosphere that tends to be the most denser and comprises the mafic crust and ultramafic mantle?


  oceanic lithosphere
• young oceanic listhosphere is usually found at?


  Mid-ocean ridges
• it is a process of a number that shows the quantity of something


  measurement
• F = (°C × 9/5) + 32


  Fahrenheit
• what is the formula for solving Celsius?

  °C = (5/9)(°F - 32)
• what is the formula for solving Kelvin?

  K = °C + 273.15
• what are the types of forces

  Gravitational force, nuclear force, electromagnetic force
• This refers to the amount of space that an object occupies


  Volume
• the formula of a density is? 


  D = Mass/ Volume (g/cc)
• it is the distance and direction through which an object moved.


  displacement
• the ability to do the work and an object to make it move


  energy
• 2 types of mechanical energy


  Kinetic energy, Potential energy
• Variable


  A value or quantity that can be measured or changed.
• Internal Energy

  An energy form inherent in every system, which arises from the molecular state of motion of matter
• Unit of Internal Energy


  Joules (J)
• Internal energy increases with


  • Rising temperature
  • Changes of state or phase from solid to liquid and liquid to gas
• Planetary bodies


  • Combinations of heat reservoirs and heat engines
  • Heat reservoirs store internal energy E
  • Heat engines convert some of this thermal energy into various types of mechanical, electrical and chemical energies
• Frequently Asked Questions - FAQS
• Electrical Energy


  Energy that is caused by moving electric charges
• Chemical Energy


  Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (atoms and molecules)
• Radiant Energy


  Energy of the electromagnetic waves
• Nuclear Energy


  Energy released from nuclear fusion or fission of atomic nuclei of heavy element or light element
• Methods of Heat Transfer


  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Radiation
• Conduction


  Energy is transferred by direct contact. A conductor is the material through which heat passes easily. An insulator is a material that conducts heat poorly.
• Convection


  The movement of a gas or liquid brought about by temperature differences creates a convection current.
• Radiation


  Energy is transferred via electromagnetic radiation.