The Human Person in Society

• society - organized group of people whose members interact frequently and have a common territory and culture
• society - product of delibrate actions by individual who come together in pursuit of a common goal
• PHILOSOPHERS OF THE SOCIAL CONTRATCT THEORY

  • Thomas Hobbes
  • John Locke
  • Jean Jacques Rosseau
  • John Rawls
  • David Gauthier
• social contract - an agreement where individuals sacrifice an amount of their freedom and submit to a higher authority
• general will - assumption that the people have empowered the government to act on their behalf, and that is considered to be the best judge of what is most beneficial for society
• consent of the govern - a covenant among individuals to cooperate and share the burden upholding the welfare of society
• Thomas Hobbes - social contract
• John Locke - consent of the governed
• Jean Jacques Rosseau - general will
• John Rawls - original position
• David Gauthier - self interest
• hunting and gathering society - earliest and simplest form of society. They are nomadic because they spend most of their time searching for food and has no permanent territory
• pastoral society - domestication of animal for food and for a more stable and predictable supply
• horticultural society - engages in the small sale cultivation or plants ,fruits, and vegetables and the domestication of animals
• agrarian or agricultural society - involves the large scale and long term cultivation of crops and domestication of animals.(improved technology and farming methods)
• common good - enables person and groups to fulfill their goals and achieve well being (human desire to achieve the goal of survival)
• feudal society - based on ownership of land. (rulers grant their followers or vassals the right to manage parcels of land)
• industrial society - based on the use of specialized machinery in the production of goods and services.
• post industrial society - establishment of societies based on knowledge, information, and sale of services.
• virtual society - where they organize themselves through communication technology.
• norms - set of traits and behavior that society considers acceptable, and thus encourage and passed onto other members.
• folkways - less formal norms that arise from tradition and do not result in punishment when violated.
• social system - organized patterned set of relationships among individuals and groups that compose a society
• social role - actions and behaviors expected from a certain individual.
• social group or social classes - individuals who share similar backgrounds or perform similar roles are grouped together.
• social institutions - a well functioning social system where all members , groups, and institutions work in harmony will ensure that society continues to upholds the welfare of its members.
• social values - actions or ideals that are considered important by society
• social movement - large scale action done by various groups and organizations in pursuit of a common goal to bring about change.