Kinship, Marriage, and the Household

• Kinship - social institution that refers to relations formed between members of society
• Kinship by Blood - the most basic an general form of relation.
• Kinship by Blood - also known as "consanguineal kinship"
• Decent - under Kinship by blood, it is a biological relationship
• Lineage - under Kinship by Blood, it refers to the line where one's decent is traced.
• Patterns

  A) male

  B) female

  C) marriage bond

  D) descent bond

  E) codescent bond

  F) parents

  G) children

  
• Principal of Descent:

  1. Unilineal Descent
  2. Patrilineal Descent
  3. Matrilineal Descent
  4. Bilateral Descent
• Unilineal Descent - traced by most societies through a single line of ancestors from either male or female line.
• Patrilineal Descent - Only male pass their identity
• Matrilineal Descent - only females pass their identity
• Bilateral Descent - both males and females can trace their ancestry on both sides
• Bilateral Descent - also known as "non unilineal or cognatic descent"
• Kinship by Marriage - also known as "affinal kinship"
• Kinship by Marriage - developed when a marriage occurs.
• Marriage - is an important social institution wherein two people enter into family life
• Marriage Across Cultures:

  1. Endogamy
  2. Exogamy
  3. Monogamy
  4. Polygamy
• Types of Polygamy:

  1. Polygyny
  2. Polyandry
• Polygyny - man has multiple female partners
• Polyandry - female has multiple male partners
• Referred Marriage - Help their single friend or relative find a possible partner.
• Arrange Marriage - arrange and determine the marital partner
• Types of Arranged Marriage:

  1. Child Marriage
  2. Exchange Marriage
  3. Diplomatic Marriage
  4. Modern Arranged Marriage
• Child Marriage - parents arrange/plan the marriage of their child
• Exchange Marriage - there is a reciprocal exchange of spouces between two groups
• Diplomatic Marriage - occurs when a marriage has been established by two royal or political families for alliances or power
• Modern Arranged Marriage - You can get to know your possible partners but you have no choice to get married
• Kinship by Ritual - Compadrazgo are chosen by parents to be a witness during baptism, confirmation, or marriage.
• Compadrazgo - also known as godparenthood