Quiz 1

• Executive power

  The power to administer
• The executive power shall be vested in the President of the Philippines
• Qualifications of the President and Vice President

  • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
  • Registered voter
  • Able to read and write
  • At least forty years of age on the day of election
  • Resident of the Philippines for at least ten years
• There shall be a Vice-President who shall have the same qualifications and term of office and be elected with, and in the same manner, as the President. He may be removed from office in the same manner as the President.
• Powers of the President

  • Appointing Power
  • Power to Revoke any Appointments
  • Power to control over all executive departments, etc.
  • Military Power
  • Power to grant reprieve, commutations, and pardons
  • Power to contract and guarantee foreign loan
  • Power to enter into treaties or international agreement
  • Budgetary Power
  • Power to address the Congress
• Prohibitions/Inhibitions on the President

  • Shall not receive any other emolument
  • Shall not hold any other office
  • Shall not directly or indirectly practice any profession
  • Strictly avoid conflict of interest
  • May not appoint spouse or relatives within the office of ombudsman, or as secretaries, undersecretaries, chairmen
• National Election is Every Second Monday of May, every six year
• Emilio Aguinaldo became the Youngest President of the Philippines at age 25
• Rodrigo Roa Duterte is set to be the oldest Philippine president. He is the sixth President of the Fifth Republic and the 16th President of the Philippines.
• Executive branch

  Carries out and enforces laws. It includes the President, Vice President, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees.
• Key roles of the executive branch

  • President
  • Vice President
  • The Cabinet
• President

  Leads the country. He/she is the head of state, leader of the national government, and Commander in Chief of all armed forces of the Philippines. The President serves a six-year term and cannot be re-elected.
• Vice President

  Supports the President. If the President is unable to serve, the Vice President becomes President. He/she serves a six-year term.
• The Cabinet

  Cabinet members serve as advisors to the President. They include the Vice President and the heads of executive departments. Cabinet members are nominated by the President and must be confirmed by the Commission of Appointments.
• The Cabinet Members of the Philippines

  Composed of senior officers / secretaries of each executive department of the government of the Philippines. They are appointed by the president to help him execute good governance for the improvement and progress of the economy.
• Line of Succession

  • Vice President
  • Senate President
  • Speaker of the House of Representatives
• Contrary to popular belief, the constitution doesn't include the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the President's line of succession.
• The Congress of the Philippines is mandated enact a law calling for a special election three days after the vacancy in the Office of the President and Vice President. The special election should occur 40 days after the enactment of the law, but not later than 60 days after the enactment of the law.
• Laws

  Statutes, which are written enactments of the legislative branch governing the relationships between individuals and groups, including their interactions with the government and its agencies.
• Classification of Power of Congress

  • General Legislative Power
  • Specific Power
  • Inherent Power
  • Implied Power
• General Legislative Power

  Power to enact laws intended as rules of conduct to govern the relations among individuals and the state.
• Specific Power

  Power which the constitution expressly directs or authorizes Congress to exercise like the power to choose who shall become the President in case two or more candidates have an equal and highest number of votes, to confirm certain appointments by the President to promote social justice, to declare war, to impose taxes, to impeach, to act as constituent assembly.
• Inherent Power

  Power which possessed and can be exercised by every government because it exist as an attributes of Sovereignty.
• Implied Power

  Power that is essential or necessary for the effective exercise of the powers expressly granted, such as the power to conduct inquiry and investigation in aid of legislation, to punish for contempt, and to determine the rules of proceedings.
• The Senate

  The Senate shall be composed of twenty-four (24) Senators who shall be elected at large by the qualified voters of the Philippines.
• Qualifications to become a senator

  • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
  • At least thirty-five years old
  • Able to read and write
  • A registered voter
  • Resident of the Philippines for not less than two years before election day
• The House of Representatives

  The House of Representatives shall be composed of not more than 250 (unless otherwise fixed by law), popularly known as Congressmen Elected from legislative or congressional districts and through party-list system (20 percent of whom must be Party-list representatives.)
• The term of office for a member of the House of Representatives is three (3) years.
• Criteria to become a member of the House of Representatives

  • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
  • At least twenty-five years old
  • Able to read and write
  • Except the party-list representatives, a registered voter and a resident for at least one year in the district where s/he shall be elected
• Kinds of Election for the Member of Congress

  • Regular Election
  • Special Election
• Regular Election

  Held every three years on the second Monday of May. During this election, voters will elect one Congressman for each legislative district. The term of office for a Congressman is three years, and they can be re-elected for a maximum of three consecutive terms.
• Special Election

  Held to fill a vacancy in the position of a Congressman, which may arise due to death, resignation, removal from office, or failure to assume office. The conduct and rules of the special election are similar to the regular election, except for the shorter campaign period. The winner of the special election will serve the remaining term of the vacated position.
• Legislative Process

  Congress is responsible for making enabling laws to make sure the spirit of the constitution is upheld in the country and, at times, amend or change the constitution itself. In order to craft laws, the legislative body comes out with two main documents: bills and resolutions.
• Bills

  Laws in the making. They pass into law when they are approved by both houses and the President of the Philippines. A bill may be vetoed by the President, but the House of Representatives may overturn a presidential veto by garnering a 2/3rds vote. If the President does not act on a proposed law submitted by Congress, it will lapse into law after 30 days of receipt.
• Resolutions

  Convey principles and sentiments of the Senate or the House of Representatives.
• Elements of Resolutions

  • Joint resolutions
  • Concurrent resolutions
  • Simple resolutions
• Joint resolutions

  Require the approval of both chambers of Congress and the signature of the President, and have the force and effect of a law if approved.
• Concurrent resolutions

  Used for matters affecting the operations of both chambers of Congress and must be approved in the same form by both houses, but are not transmitted to the President for his signature and therefore have no force and effect of a law.
• Simple resolutions

  Deal with matters entirely within the prerogative of one chamber of Congress, are not referred to the President for his signature, and therefore have no force and effect of a law.
• The judicial power shall be vested in one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as may be established by law.