hormones

• pituitary glands

  known as the master gland in the brain , secretes FSH and LH
• Thyroid

  In the throat , secrets thyroxine which controls basal metabolic rate
• adrenal gland 


  On top of the kidneys , secretes adrenaline which increases heart rate and oxygen being pumped round the respiring muscles when in danger. This allows you to produce more energy and either fight or flight
• ovary gland

  In the pelvis , secrets Oestrogen and Progesterone
• Testis gland

  In the testis , secretes testosterone which stimulates sperm production
• pancreas gland

  secretes insulin and glucagon
• type one diabetes

  Pancreas produces insufficient insulin. This is genetic and is usually diagnosed early on. It can be helped with insulin injections
• Type two diabetes

  Body has been exposed to insulin too much and stops responding to it. Caused by obesity and lack of exercise . Can be cured through exercise and weight loss
• What happens when blood glucose concentration increases

  1. glucose in blood increases after a meal rich in carbohydrates as they get digested into sugars
  2. pancreas secrets insulin aimed at the liver
  3. glucose is converted to glycogen for storage
• what happens when blood glucose concentration decreases

  • glucose in blood decreases after exercise or after long periods without food as body uses sugars for energy
  • pancreas secrets glucagon aimed at the liver
  • glycogen is converted back to glucose
• oestrogen

  Produced in the ovary, thickens the uterus lining and stops the production of LH
• FSH

  produced in the pituitary gland, it causes the egg to mature in one of the ovaries ( in a follicle )
• LH

  produced in the pituitary gland , it stimulates the release of the egg on day 14 of the menstrual cycle
• Progesterone

  produced in the ovary , it maintains the lining of the uterus , and stops the production of FSH
• In a contraceptive pill , there is oestrogen and progesterone as these hormes stop the production of FSH and LH. This means that an egg can’t mature or be released
• Hormones travel through the blood stream
• hormone

  chemical messengers released by glands into the blood and carried to a target organ or organs.