Human Male and Female Reproductive System

• Ovaries - produce both the egg cell and sex hormones.

  -Enclosed in a tough protective capsule and contains many follicles

  -Egg cell is expelled from the follicle in the process of ovulation.
• Oviducts - egg cell is released in the abdominal cavity near the opening of the oviduct, or fallopian tube.
• Uterus - a thick, muscular organ that can expand during pregnancy to accommodate a 4kg fetus.
• Endometrium - The inner lining of the uterus, is richly supplied with blood vessels.
• Cervix - The neck of the uterus, which opens to the vagina
• Vagina - a thin walled chamber that is the repository for sperm during copulation and that serves as the birth canal through which baby is born.
• Vulva - collective term for the external female genitilia
• Mammary glands - present in both sexes but normally functional only in women. They are not part of the reproductive system but are important to mammalian reproduction
• Testes - consists of many highly coiled tubes (seminiferous tubules) - where sperm form. It is surrounded by layers of connective tissue
• Leydig cells - a type of cell found in the testicles of males. These cells are responsible for producing testosterone, which is a hormone that plays a key role in male reproductive functions and development.
• Ducts - from semineferous tubules, the sperm pass into the epididymis. During ejaculation, the sperm are propelled from the epididymis up to the muscular vas deferens.
• Glands - three sets of accessory glands-seminal vesicle, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands- add secretions to the semen, the fluid that is ejaculated.
• Penis - composed of three cylinders of spongy erectile tissue derived from modified veins and capillaries.