surveillance

• what do surveillance theories look at?

  methods by which surveillance is carried out, including technology such as cctv, tagging and databases that produce profiles of individuals and groups
• what does foucault argue?

  in modern society, we are increasingly controlled through self-surveillance, through what he calls ‘disciplinary power’
• what was the name of the prison foucault designed?

  the panopticon
• how is the panopticon designed?

  prisoners’ cells are visible to the guards from a central viewing point but prisoners cannot see the guards. therefore, not knowing if they are being watched, the prisoners must constantly behave as if they are
• what does mathiesen argue?

  we now have surveillance from below. he calls this the ‘synopticon’ - where everybody watches everybody
• where does the term ‘actuarial’ come from?

  the insurance industry; an actuary is someone who calculates the risk of certain events happening
• what do feeley and simon see actuarial justice as a new form of?

  surveillance - its aim is to predict and prevent future offending. it uses statistical information to reduce crime by compiling profiles of likely offenders