Paper 1 bio

• Parasites get transferred to healthy animals and feed on them
• Symptoms of parasitic infection

  • Fever
  • Headaches
  • Recurrent episodes
• Parasitic infections keep coming back
• Parasitic infections can be fatal
• Prevention of parasitic infections

  1. Stop vectors spreading

  2. Reduce number of mosquitos by destroying breeding sites or killing with insecticides
• Mosquito nets or mosquito repellent can prevent parasitic infections
• Plant organisation


  Similar to animal organisation with organs, tissues, and systems
• Plant organs


  • Stem
  • Roots
  • Leaves
• Stem and roots


  Transport substances
• Leaves


  Site of photosynthesis
• Leaf structure


  • Upper epidermis
  • Wax cuticle
  • Palisade mesophyll
  • Spongy mesophyll
  • Lower epidermis
  • Stomata
  • Guard cells
  • Wax cuticle