particle model of matter

• describe the properties of a solid

  • strong forces of attraction
  • fixed in a regular pattern
  • vibrate
• describe the properties of a liquid

  • weaker forces of attraction
  • close together but can move past eachother
  • more energy but low speeds
• describe the properties of a gas

  • almost no forces
  • more energy
  • free to move in random directions and speeds
• what happens when particles are free too move ?

  they have the tendency to collide
• what increases as frequency of collisions increases ?


  pressure
• how can you increase pressure ?

  increase temperature
• what is density ?


  the measure of how compact particles are
• what is the change of state from solid to liquid ?

  melting
• what is the change of state from liquid to solid ?


  freezing
• what is the change of state from liquid to gas ?

  evaporation/boiling
• what is the change of state from gas to liquid ?

  condensing
• what is the change of state from solid to gas ?

  sublimenting
• what is specific heat capacity ?

  the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of state
• when is energy released ?

  when cooling a substance
• what is the unit for energy ?

  joules (J)
• what is the unit for mass ?

  kilograms (Kg)
• what is the unit for specific heat capacity ?

  joules per kilogram (J/Kg)