MUSCULAR SYSTEM

• All of these movements are accomplished by the contraction, and relaxation of the muscles attached to bones or internal organs.
• The three types of muscle in the body are called skeletal, smooth and cardiac.
• Skeletal muscles- are attached to bones and are responsible for movement of the body through space, including such activities as walking, running bending, and lifting.
• Smooth muscles- lack the striped appearance of skeletal muscles. They are found in the walls of many internal (visceral) organs and blood vessels, and are mainly responsible for assisting internal processes such as digestion and circulation
• smooth muscles are located in visceral organs and respond only to unconscious (involuntary) control, they are often called visceral (VIH-ser-ul) or involuntary muscles.
• Skeletal muscles respond to both conscious (voluntary) and unconscious (involuntary) control, and are therefore called voluntary muscles by some physicians. Other physicians refer to skeletal tarycles as striated (STRIE-ay-ted) muscles
• Muscles are connected to bones by bands of fibrous connective tissue

  called tendons
• Cardiac muscle (or myocardium) - makes up the thick middle layer of the heart. 
• Flexion (FLECK-shun) and extension (eck-STEN-shun)-the bending and straightening of a limb.
• Abduction (ab-DUCK-shun) and adduction(ad-DUCK-shun)- movement away from and toward the torso.
• Dorsiflexion (DOR-sih-FLECKshun) and plantar (PLAN-tar) flexion- The bending of the foot upward and downward
• Pronation (pro-NAY-shun) and supination (SOO-pih-NAY-shun)- The turning of a hand to a palm down or palm up position (or the turning of the body to a face down or face up position when lying down)
• Circumduction (SIR-kum-DUCKshun)- swinging a limb or moving the eyes in a circular motion
• This state of firmnes is called Tonus or muscle tone.
•  gluteus maximus - is the largest muscle in the human body.