LESSON 2 FEC

• Electronics


  The study of the behavior of an electron and the different conditions of applied electric field
• Electronics (engineering)


  The study of electronic devices and their utilization
• Analog electronics


  • Deals with electronic systems and devices with continuous time signals
  • Describes a proportional relationship between a signal and an electrical quantity (voltage or current) that represents the signal
• Analog


  A Greek word meaning 'proportional', proportional is being equivalent in size, amount, or strength
• Applications of analog electronics

  • FM radios
  • TVs
  • Telephones
• Analog electronics is more susceptible to noise and distortion
• Digital electronics


  The sub-branch of electronics that deals with digital signals for processing and controlling various systems and subsystems
• Components used in analog electronics

  • Active elements (diodes, transistors)
  • Passive elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors)
• Microelectronics


  • Deals with the miniaturization of electronic circuits and components
  • Includes computer chips, power electronics, and other small semiconductor devices
• Components of microelectronic devices

  • Capacitors
  • Transistors
  • Resistors
  • Diodes
  • Inductors
  • Conductors
  • Insulators
• Nanoelectronics


  The field of nanotechnology for electronic components and research on improvements of electronics such as display, size, and power consumption
• Optoelectronics


  The study and application of electronic devices and systems that find, detect and control light, including invisible forms of radiation
• Integrated circuit (IC)


  An electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, performing the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components
• Semiconductor device


  An electronic component that relies on the electronic properties of a semiconductor material for its function
• Operational amplifier (op-amp)


  An integrated circuit (IC) that amplifies the difference in voltage between two inputs and can be configured to perform arithmetic operations
• Resistor


  A passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element
• Capacitor


  A two-terminal electrical device that can store energy in the form of an electric charge, consisting of two electrical conductors separated by a distance
• Transistor


  A miniature semiconductor that regulates or controls current or voltage flow, amplifies and generates electrical signals, and acts as a switch/gate
• Bell laboratories developed the first transistor


  1947
• Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments developed the first integrated circuit


  1959
• Vacuum tubes played a major role in the field of microwave and high-power transmission as well as television receivers
• Transistor radios were not developed until the late 1950s due to the existing huge stock of vacuum tubes