CHEST DRAINAGE

• Cough - expiratory positive pressure from the patient helps push out air and fluid
• Gravity - helps fluid drainage as long as chest drainage is below the level of the chest
• Phrenic nerve - during inspiration what nerve is used
• Phrenic nerve stimulates the diaphragm to - contract
• gas molecules - air is made up of what?
• gas molecules collide and create - force
• Pressure - is the amount of force created by gas molecules
• Intrapulmonary pressure - pressure in the lungs
• Exhalation - occurs when the phrenic nerve stops
• breathing - a normal unconscious process
• Exhalation - restores the lungs to its normal position
• Work of breathing - what increases when there is a respiratory distress(airway obstruction)
• Pleura - lungs are surrounded by thin tissues called?
• Pleura - it is a continuous membrane that folds upon itself
• Parietal Pleura - lines the chest wall
• Visceral pleura - covers the lungs
• Pulmonary pleura - another name for visceral pleura
• pleural fluid - the two membranes are separated by what
• Pleural Fluid - what reduces friction and to make the breathing easier
• Pleural space - the area between the pluera is called
• Potential space - Pleural space sometimes referred to as
• negative pressure - keeps the pleurae together and allows the lungs to expand and contract
• -8cm h2o - during inspiration intrapulmonary pressure is
• -4cm h2o - during exhalation intrapulmonary pressure is approximately
• intrapulmonary pressure - what is the pressure in the lungs
• 0cm h2o - Equalizes to the atmospheric pressure at end exhalation is defines as baseline of what
• intrapleural pressure - 4cm h2o less than intrapulmonary pressure
• collapse of the lungs - what would happen when air and fluid enters the pleura
• pneumothorax - air between the pleura
• Hemothorax - blood in the pleural space
• pleural effusion - transudate and exudate
• Pneumothorax - when there is an opening on the surface of the lungs or airways or in the chest wall or both
• Pneumothorax - the opening allows air to enter pleural space
• Open Pneumothorax - opening in the chest wall
• Open pneumothorax - allows atmospheric air to enter the pleural space
• Open Pneumothorax - Penetrating trauma (stab, gunshot, impalement)
• Closed Pneumothorax - Chest wall is intact but rupture of the lung and visceral pleura to allow air in the pleural space
• Tension Pneumothorax - occurs when closed Pneumothorax creates positive pressure and build up
• mediastinum (heart and great vessels) - in TP where does the pressure go to
• Hemothorax - occurs after thoracic surgery ot traumatic injuries