Drrr

• Landslide


  Untoward movement of slope, specifically the movement is downward and outward
• Classification of Landslides according to Slides

  • Rotational Slide
  • Translational Slide
  • Block Slide
• Rotational Slide


  • Surface is carved downward and outward like a rotation
• Translational Slide


  • Likened to a chocolate that melts on a steep container due to high temperature
• Block Slide


  • Sub-classification of translational slide, the material that flow is composed of one or more elements
• Classification of Landslides according to Flows

  • Fall
  • Topple
  • Debris Flow
  • Debris Avalanche
  • Earthflow
  • Creep
  • Lateral Spreads
• Fall


  • Sudden removal of a mass of geologic materials from its origin
• Topple


  • Characterized by the frontward turning of a component or components of the slide
• Debris Flow


  • Thin mixture of liquid and landslide materials like soil, rock and organic matter
• Debris Avalanche


  • Result of a very fast debris flow
• Earthflow


  • Has an "hourglass" shape
• Creep


  • Slow downward movement of landslide materials like soil or rock
• Lateral Spreads


  • Kind of flow which happens on a low-lying area
• Causes of landslides


  • Incapability of the land to hold excessive amount of water
  • Earthquakes
  • Volcanic Eruption
  • Man-made causes (Illegal logging, Illegal mining, Unauthorized excavation, Unplanned authorization)
• Sinkhole


  Sunken or hole from the surface to the inner part of the earth due to some natural or artificial phenomena
• Types of Sinkholes


  • Dissolution Sinkhole
  • Cover-subsidence Sinkhole
  • Cover-Collapse Sinkhole
• Dissolution Sinkhole


  • Dissolution of the limestone or dolomite is most intensive where the water first contacts the rock surface
• Cover-subsidence Sinkhole


  • Tends to develop gradually where the covering sediments are permeable and contain sand
• Cover-Collapse Sinkhole


  • May develop abruptly (over a period of hours) and cause catastrophic damage
• Typhoon


  Also termed as hurricane or tropical cyclones
• The Philippines, through the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) is responsible for providing names for typhoons approaching the country
• Bagyo


  Filipino term for Tropical Cyclone
• Public Storm Warning Signals

  • Signal No.1 - weather disturbance is expected in 36 hours
  • Signal No.2 - weather disturbance is expected in 24 hours
  • Signal No.3 - weather disturbance is expected in 18 hours
  • Signal No.4 - weather disturbance is expected in 12 hours
• Thunderstorm


  Type of storm categorized by the occurrence of lightning
• Three Stages of Thunderstorm

  • Cumulus Stage
  • Mature Stage
  • Dissipating Stage
• Cumulus Stage


  • Air that is warmer than its environment will start to rise by convection during this stage. As this warm, moist air rises, it will cool and condense, thus forming a cumulus cloud
• Mature Stage


  • Characterized by the presence of both updrafts and downdrafts. As the air descends to the ground, evaporative cooling takes place
• Dissipating Stage


  • Downdraft is prominent. The downdraft continues to cut off the warm and moist air that is needed for the storm to maintain itself
• Flash Flood


  May occur due to heavy rains associated with some other circumstances like release of water from dams, river outflow, river or lake pollution and others
• Flood


  Considered as a natural movement of waters along with our rivers, lakes and other bodies of water
• Storm Surge


  The abnormal rise in seawater level during a storm, measured as the height of the water above the normal predicted astronomical tide
• El Niño


  The large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate interaction linked to a periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific
• La Niña


  Represents periods of below-average sea surface temperatures across the east-central Equatorial Pacific. Global climate La Niña impacts tend to be opposite those of El Niño impacts
• Fire


  One of the greatest inventions man has ever discovered. It gives heat and produce a lot of good outputs
• Fire


  Occurs whenever combustible fuel in the presence of oxygen at an extremely high temperature becomes gas
• Fire Triangle


  • Heat
  • Fuel
  • Oxygen

  
• Heat


  • Responsible for the initial ignition of fire, and is also needed to maintain the fire and enable it to spread
• Fuel


  • Any kind of combustible material, characterized by its moisture content, size, shape, quantity and the arrangement in which it is spread over the landscape
• Oxygen


  • Air contains about 21 percent oxygen, and most fires require at least 16 percent oxygen content to burn. It supports the chemical processes that occur during fire

  
• The three A's


  • Activate the building alarm system or notify the fire department by calling 911
  • Assist any persons in immediate danger, or those incapable on their own, to exit the building, without risk to yourself
  • Only after these two are completed should you Attempt to extinguish the fire