AP bio hard stuff

• Template = non-coding = minus = antisense = antiparallel to mRNA
• universal common ancestor:

  • DNA/RNA
  • genetic code
  • metabolic pathways (glycolysis, synthesizing phospholipids and carbohydrates)
  • transcription and translation
• Antibiotics kill bacteria
• prokaryotes don't have histones or introns
• a population has evolved if the allele frequency changes