PE - 4

• Overexertion


  refers to the pressure one put in himself or herself, too much pressure that leads to a simple discomfort that might extend to more worse, injury.
• overexertion


  When you push yourself too hard, it's known as
• overexertion


  This involves physical or mental effort that's beyond your current abilities.
• Age/Medical history/

  Environment or workplace/

  Specific activity or task


  factors of overexertion (4)
• Strains/Sprains/Fractures


  serious injuries caused by overexertion (3)
• sprain


  stretched or torn ligament
• Ligaments


  are tissues that connect bones at a joint
• sprain


  Falling, twisting, or getting hit can all cause a _____
• Ankle and wrist sprains


  common sprains (2)
• strain


  a stretched or torn muscle or tendon
• Tendons


  are tissues that connect muscle to bone
• Twisting or pulling these tissues (tendons)


  cause of strain
• a. posterior talofibular ligament b. anterior talofibular ligament c. calcaneofibular ligament


  types of ligaments
• a. peroneus tertius tendon b. peroneus brevis tendon


  types of tendon
• fracture


  a break, usually in a bone
• open or compound fracture


  If the broken bone punctures the skin, it is called
• accidents, falls, or sports injuries


  Fractures commonly happen because of____
• 1. Repetitive movements 2. Improper technique 3. Sudden body movements 4. Prolonged activity 5. Extreme temperatures


  cause of exertion
• Repetitive movements


  When you repeatedly move a joint or muscle over a long period of time, it can lead to overexertion.
• Improper technique


  Overexertion may stem from doing an activity or task incorrectly.

  This can place stress on your muscles, bones, joints, and connective tissues and cause overexertion injuries.
• Sudden body movements


  A sudden, forceful movement can also cause overexertion. This is more likely to happen if your technique is incorrect.
• Sudden body movements


  Abrupt movements that can lead to overexertion injuries include:

  Pushing, Pulling, and Throwing.
• Prolonged activity


  If you continuously do an activity without regular breaks, you'll eventually become fatigued. The excess physical effort can be hard on your body.
• Extreme temperatures


  When it's very hot or cold, your body needs to work extra hard to maintain its normal temperature. As a result, you may need to push yourself harder to do basic activities, resulting in overexertion.
• Hypothermia


  caused by prolonged exposures to very cold temperatures.
• a. Keep your body heat trapped inside your clothes b. Protect you from cold air, wind, snow, or rain c. Protect you from contact with cold surfaces d. You may need several layers of clothing in cold weather:

  an inner layer that wicks sweat away from the skin.

  key to staying safe in the cold is to wear several layers of clothing. Wearing the right shoes and clothes helps:
• Hyperthermia


  is an abnormally high body temperature caused by a failure of the heat-regulating mechanisms of the body to deal with the heat coming from the environment.
• heat fatigue, heat syncope (sudden dizziness after prolonged exposure to the heat), heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke


  commonly known forms of hyperthermia.
• a. Exertional Heat Stroke b. Non-Exertional Heat Stroke


  causes of hyperthermia
• Exertional Heat Stroke


  occurs when a person is participating in a physical activity, such as running or playing sports, on a hot day.
• Non-Exertional Heat Stroke


  usually caused by medications that reduce sweating, vasodilatation and other heat loss mechanisms.
• a. Take frequent breaks b. Drink plenty of water c. Wear cool clothing. d. Find a cool shady place to rest e. If spending time indoors during a heat wave, try to find an area with air conditioning or a fan.

  Preventing Hyperthermia (5)
• Danger, Responsiveness, Send, Airway, Breathing, CPR


  DRSABCD
• Danger


  Always check first the danger and source of injury.
• Responsiveness


  Can the casualty hear your voice?
• Send


  Send help or shout for help.
• Airway


  Is the person's airway clear?
• Breathing


  Make sure that the victim is breathing by looking at breathing signs.
• CPR


  cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Defibrillation


  the use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm