Architecture

• Folk Architecture


  • Simple structures built of local materials and available tools to provide shelter for inhabitants
• Bahay Kubo or Nipa Hut


  Also known as Kamalig, serves as an icon to Filipino Lowland and rural culture, made up of bamboo rods and bamboo mats or sawali, and a thatched roof made up of Anahaw, known as "The icon of the Philippine Culture"

  
• Bale or Ifugao House


  • One room house with an attic for storage, the exterior looks like a pyramid, the interior is enclosed by slanting walls and ceiling that appears to be spherical that are formed by the loft
• Otley Beyer - The first Pre-Fabricated House in the World, Banaue Ethnic Village features actual Ifugao Native House that have been relocated and preserved
• Ivatan House in Batanes


  • Most of the houses are built with limestone walls and cogon roofs, has narrow doors and windows with wooden shutters and often secured by wooden bars
• The oldest surviving Ivatan House was built in 1887, maintained by Lola Ida, The oldest Woman in the Island
• Geographical location of Batanes

  
• Torogan or Maranao's House


  • Literally means a place for sleeping, a stately house for the elite members of Maranao Tribe in Mindanao, a symbol of Status and Leadership, also serves as a courthouse, hall for community meetings and its courtyard as ritual areas for weddings
• Sarimanok


  A legendary bird of the Maranao people who originate from Mindanao, a major island in the Philippines, the word comes from "sari" meaning cloth or garment, and "manok" meaning bird
• Badjao's Stilt Houses and Houseboats


  • Strong platforms are made on both ends of the boat, the kitchen area are usually found at the back, its foundation are carefully placed in between coastal rocks and corals
• Badjao


  Sea gypsies
• Maritime Transport


  • Simple marine vessels made for the transport of goods and people living by sea and other waterways in the surrounding region
• Wooden Banca


  • The outrigger canoe is a small wooden boat used for daily transport by people living near the coast, sometimes highly decorated
• Vinta


  • A traditional boat made by Sam-Bajau and Moros living in Sulu Archipelago, Zamboanga Peninsula and Southern Mindanao, used for inter-island transport of people and goods
• Early Filipinos weaved using fibers from abaca, cotton, pineapple and bark, before the final garment or fabric is produced, the fibers were first knotted, boiled, dyed, and dried and weaved using hands and wooden platform
• The Philippines is known for "Hibla ng Lahing Pilipino"
• Pinya Fabric


  • The oldest industry of Aklan, often used for our national costumes, the Baro't Saya and Barong, considered the Queen of the Philippine Fabric because of its expensive and luxurious nature
• Stages of Piña Production

  1. Pagkigue: Mature pineapple leaves are harvested from the field, and the thorns along the edges of the leaves are removed by hand

  2. Paghugas & Pagpisi: The liniwan is washed under running water and any remaining plant material is grated away with a clamshell, turning the fibers white. After being hung to dry, shorter fibers of less use are removed and disposed of

  3. Pagpanug-ot, Pagtalinuad, & Paghaboe: Individual fibers are knotted seamlessly together by hand, and then spun into spools. The piña threads are woven into a cloth on an upright two-treadle loom. Piña fibers can also be blended with cotton, abaca (banana leaf fiber), or silk for greater strength and durability.
• T'nalak


  • Woven by T'boli women of lake Sebu, South Cotabato, Mindanao, represents the tribe's culture and tradition, known as "Woven Dreams", has a distinctive tri-colour scheme: White for the pattern, red for relief elements and black (or deep brown) for the background, fibres used are harvested from the abaca tree and prepared in a process known as KEDUNGON
• Fu Dalu


  A spiritual guardian that guides t'nalak weaving, a process that is enriched with taboo and ritual
• Tingkep Basket


  • Handcrafted from fine bamboo strips in natural colors, plain or with traditional designs of the community, serves both practical and spiritual purposes in the Pala'wan community life, used to house the powerful female spirit Linamin et kundu during a healing ritual called Kundu
• Hinabol


  • A textile from the Higaonon of Impasug-ong, Bukidnon, has the purpose of being a grift, dowry, offering to the spirits, and bring peace during tribal conflicts, the cloth reflects the moods and feelings of the weaver
• Yakan Weaved-Cloth


  • Made by the Yakan Tribe from Basilan, features elaborate geometric designs and patterns that are inspired by nature, used for religious and ritual purposes, bartered for daily necessities, given as gifts, and used for peace offerings in times of conflict, Tanyak Tanyak is a face painting custom unique to Yakan tribal culture, worn only for wedding
• Tapis of the Kalinga Tribe


  • A costume indigenous to the Kalinga and Apayao, weaving is a sacred tradition passed on from mother to daughter, known locally as the ALAMPAY
• Paete in Laguna is the Woodcarving capital of the Philippines, wood is the common material that is widely used in the country
• Performing Arts


  • Folk dances and music which are developed by an individual or groups of people that reflect their traditions and culture
• Literature


  • Traditional oral literature of various ethnic groups of the country, includes the story of "Malakas and Maganda" and epics as "Hudhud ni Aliguyon", "Darangan" and the likes
• Graphics and Plastic Arts

  • Graphic arts are mainly two dimensional (2D), like sketching, painting, photography, and calligraphy. Plastic arts include sculpture or ceramics which have three dimensions (3D)
• Ornament


  • Used to embellish parts of a building or object, the Ifugaos have carved Anito figures or Bul-Ul which represent their ancestral spirit and granary gods, the Kapampangas are famous in their parol, an iconic symbol of the Filipino Christmas
• Pottery


  • Native Filipinos created pottery since 3500 years ago, these potteries serve as a secondary burial jars to hold the deceased, some were decorated with anthropomorphic designs
• Manunggul Jar


  • A secondary burial jar found in the early 1960's in Manunggul Cave, Lippun Point Palawan, on top of the lid is a boat with two human figures representing two souls on voyage to the afterlife, the boatman is seated behind the figure whose hands are crossed on the chest, the position of the hands is traditional Filipino practice observed when arranging the corpse
• Maitum Anthropomorphic Potteries