Volcanoes

• Magma


  Hot molten rock inside the Earth
• Volcanic Eruption


  Magma escapes from the Earth's crust
• Volcano


  • An opening on the Earth's crust through which hot molten rock escapes
• Lava


  Molten rock that has reached the surface and flows out
• Lahar


  Lava mixed with rainfall
• Plate Boundaries and Volcanic Eruptions

  1. Divergent plate boundary

  2. Convergent plate boundary
• Divergent plate boundary


  • Two plates move away from each other, creating a new pathway for rising hot magma to flow onto the surface
• Convergent plate boundary


  • Denser tectonic plate moves downward, increasing pressure and temperature, causing magma to rise through the plate toward the Earth's surface
• Classification of Volcanoes in the Philippines

  • Active volcanoes
  • Potentially active volcanoes
  • Inactive volcanoes
• Active volcanoes


  Volcanoes that erupted within historical times (last 600 years) or within the last 10,000 years
• Potentially active volcanoes


  Volcanoes that are morphologically young looking but have no historical or analytical records of eruption
• Inactive volcanoes


  Volcanoes with no recorded eruptions, with physical form intensively weathered and eroded
• Volcanic eruptions


  Emit ash particles, gases, and lava which are harmful to people and their properties
• Volcanic eruptions


  Can cause respiratory problems, irritation, burn, dizziness, suffocation, and even death
• Volcanic eruptions


  Can lead to floods, lahar, earthquakes, power outages, and lack of safe water to drink
• Volcanic eruptions can help cool down the Earth's core
• Volcanic materials make soil most fertile
• The magma chamber is the location where molten rock accumulates.
• Phreatic eruptions involve steam explosions that can be triggered by rainwater entering the volcano's system.