Chapter 2: Thinking about Culture

Cards (12)

  • Culture - ongoing negotiation on learned beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors.
  • Culture Covers:
    • Nationality
    • Race
    • Ethnicity
    • Religion
    • Class
    • Gender
    • Region
    • Religion
  • Intercultural Communication - between people with different cultural identities.
  • Other-focused orientation - normal or standard one
  • Ethnocentrism - superior to other cultures.
  • INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE – ability to communicate effectively and appropriately.
  • Cross Cultural Characteristics:
    • Context
    • Time
    • Conflict
    • Conflict Management
  • Types of Context:
    • High context - non verbal and contextual cues.
    • Low context - verbal communication.
  • Types of Conflict:
    • Conflict as opportunity - normal and useful
    • Conflict as destructive - unnecessary and must be avoided.
  • Types of Conflict Management:
    • Dominating Style - another to satisfy individual desires regardless of consequences.
    • Integrating Style - open discussion about the conflict to reach a solution that satisfies everyone involved.
    • Compromising Style - demands that everyone must give up something to reach a solution.
    • OBLIGING STYLE – involve giving up one ' s position to satisfy another's.
    • AVOIDING STYLE – People avoid the conflict entirely by failing to acknowledge its existence
  • Dimensions of Culture ( Geert Hofstede )
    • Individualism - independence
    • Collectivism - interdependence
    • Low Power Distance - equality
    • High Power Distance - inequality
    • Masculinity - men and women expected to do
    • Femininity - quality of life
    • Uncertainty Avoidance - threatened
  • Barriers to Intercultural
    • Anxiety
    • ASSUMING SIMILARITY INSTEAD OF DIFFERENCES
    • Ethnocentrism
    • Stereotypes
    • Prejudice