The Mole

• Factors Affecting Percentage Yield

  • Other reactions take place simultaneously
  • The reaction does not go to completion
  • Products are lost during separation and purification
• Atom Economy


  A measure of how well atoms have been utilised
• Reactions with a high atom economy:

  • Produce larger proportions of desired products with a few unreacted products
  • -important for sustainability
  • -Based solely on calcs: assumes 100% yield