LESSON 6 - METALS

• Type of Metals:

  • aluminum
  • iron
  • steel
  • copper
  • tin
  • zinc
  • brass
  • bronze
  • chromium
  • nickel
  • lead
• aluminum - is a soft, nonmagnetic silvery metal • characterized by its light weight.
• aluminum - low melting point • high thermal and electrical conductivity
• In architectural work practically all fabricated forms of aluminum are used:

  • rod
  • bar
  • extrusion
  • casting
  • sheet
  • strip
• Identify the Image:

  aluminum

  
• Identify the image:

  extrusion

  
• extrusion - is the process of shaping material by forcing it to flow through a shaped opening in a die.
• Identify the Image:

  aluminum

  
• alclad - is a term applied to certain aluminum products, refers to the protective coating
• Identify the image:

  alclad

  
• Cladding improves the appearance of the alloy.
• aluminum sheet and strip - type of aluminum used for roofing, flashing, gutter, etc
• Identify the Image:

  aluminum sheet and strip

  
• aluminum foil - rolled to a thickness of 0.005”, type of aluminum used mainly for thermal insulation and vapor barriers.
• corrugated aluminum - this is rigidized sheet fabricated of special aluminum alloys specifically developed for this purpose.
• structural aluminum - When aluminum is used as a structural material.
• Characteristics of aluminum:

  • can be extruded
  • corrosion resistant
• aluminum door and windows - These are generally fabricated from extrusions and rolled shapes.
• Identify the Image:

  aluminum doors and windows

  
• aluminum panels and sandwich panels - are pre-fabricated units, generally manufactured.
• sandwich panel - comprises a system of construction called skin construction.
• Label the following:

  A) floor panel

  B) wall panel

  
• Identify the Image:

  ornamental aluminum

  
• ornamental aluminum - Many kinds of rods, bars, pipes, railings, fittings, and special shapes
• Identify the Image:

  aluminum mesh and wire cloth

  
• aluminum mesh and wire cloth - are used for fencing, particularly chain link fencing and insect screening.
• mechanical finishes - type of aluminum finishes obtained by grinding polishing, scratching, sandblasting, embossing.
• chemical finishes - type of aluminum finishes based on chemical reactions with the aluminum surface
• etching, cleaning, or polishing of the surface to remove any oxide film
• oxidizing the surface with aluminum or other metallic oxides that protect the surface or serve as a base for subsequent treatment
• electrolytic finishes - type of aluminum finishes commonly referred to as anodized finishes, to develop a protective coating of oxide on its surface.
• The coating formed may be transparent or opaque.
• Of the colors used in anodic treatments, architectural gold has proven to be one of the most stable from the standpoint of fade resistance. Others are blue and, more recently, brown and black
• electroplating - Aluminum can be covered with a protective or decorative film or another metal
• porcelain or vitreous enamel - This finish forms a hard, resistant surface.
• paint - can be applied as finishes to aluminum surfaces that have been prepared by a suitable chemical treatment finish.
• Identify the image:

  iron

  
• iron - tough, malleable silvery-white metal that is soft and ductile as copper • it is easily magnetized • is the most magnetically permeable of the metals.
• Identify the image:

  A) pig iron

  
• The commercial form in which iron is first prepared is called crude or pig iron.