MUSIC 9 QUARTER 4

• Opera

  Text set to music with arias, recitative, choruses, duets, and sung to orchestral accompaniment
• Libretto


  The texts of an opera, written by the librettist who works closely with the composer
• Score


  The book that contains the musical notation and instructions for the composer and librettist to work together
• Richard '' WAGNER''

  • CHROMATICISM
  • Wagner exerted a strong influence in the Romantic Period and advocated for a new form of opera which he called "music drama" where musical and dramatic elements were fused together
• Recitative


  Declamatory singing used in opera to convey dialogue and propel the dramatic action
• Parts of an opera

  • Aria
  • Recitative
  • Chorus
  • Duet, trio, small ensemble
• Chorus


  A group of singers, or dancers, who take part in or comment on the action
• Orchestra


  A group of musicians who play classical music together and are led by a conductor
• Acts


  The main divisions of an opera, with changes in setting
• Giuseppe ''VERDI''

  • Verdi's operas featured ordinary people and his first opera Oberto was performed at La Scala.
• Giacomo ''PUCCINI''

  • REALISM

  - Stories about everyday living
• Leitmotifs


  Musical sequences assigned to specific characters or plot elements
• Georges '' BIZET''

  • Bizet's opera Carmen featured the famous Habanera.
• Male vocal ranges

  • Tenor (highest)
  • Baritone (middle)
  • Bass (lowest)
• Female vocal ranges

  • Soprano (highest)
  • Coloratura soprano
  • Lyric soprano
  • Dramatic soprano
  • Mezzo-soprano
  • Contralto (lowest)
• Vocal music terms

  • A Capella
  • Cantabile
  • Capo
  • Coda
  • Dolce
  • Falsetto
  • Glissando
  • Passagio
  • Rubato
  • Tessitura
  • Vibrato