Immediate changes bc of exercise 🏃‍♀️

• Oxygen is in higher demand because more oxygenated blood is needed, so body works harder to pump oxygenated blood to the muscles
• Storke volume 


  increases

  amount of blood pumped out of heart per beat (ml/L)
• Heart Rate 


  Increases

  number of times heart beats per minute
• Cardiac Output = Heart Rate X Stroke Volume
• cardiac output is amount of blood that the heart is able to circulate per minute
• Blood pressure


  Increase

  Systolic - pressure in arteries during contraction

  Diastolic - pressure in arteries after contraction (rest)
• During exercise arteries open up and contract to allow more or less blood to enter certain areas of the body. increase to muscles and decreases to less active organs
• Arteriovenous difference

  atrial - oxygenated

  venous - deoxygenated
• Respiratory rate


  number of breaths taken per minute

  increases because of increased need for oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide
• increased gaseous exchange because increased need for oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide therefore increased diffusion
• Tidal volume


  increases

  amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal respiration
• Arterial venous difference

  difference in oxygen content of the blood between atrial blood (oxygenated) and venous blood (deoxygenated). eg at resting rate 20/100ml of oxygen in atrial and 16/100ml in venous. running 20/100ml in atrial and 4/100ml in venous because muscles have extracted more blood