A diet that contains enough nutrients to meet our energy needs, allow us to grow, and make new cells and tissues
A balanced diet must contain enough nutrients to meet our energy needs, allow us to grow, and make new cells and tissues
Carbohydrates
For energy
Proteins
For growth and repair
Fats
To store energy
Vitamins
To keep the body healthy
Minerals
To keep the body healthy
Fibre
To help maintain bowel health
Water
As the solvent of them all
Starch
A type of carbohydrate
Sugar
A type of carbohydrate
For Carbohydrates, give examples of STARCH and SUGARS separately
For Vitamins, explain Vitamin A, C and D
For minerals, explain iron and calcium
Whenever possible, separate animal and plant sources
Source of energy
Found in potatoes, bread, fruit and vegetables
Needed for growth and repair
Animal source: Lean meat
Plant sources: soybeans
Needed for insulation, protection, and as a source of energy
Animal sources: Meat and milk
Plant sources: Oils in fruit and seeds
Vitamin A
Healthy Eyes
Vitamin C
Respiration and healthyskin
Vitamin D
Calcium absorption
Vitamin A sources
Dairy, carrots, apricots
Vitamin C sources
Oranges and Lemons
Vitamin D sources
Egg yolk, cream (sunlight)
Iron
Haemoglobin for RBCs
Calcium
Strong healthy bones and teeth
Iron sources
Red meat and green vegetables
Calcium sources
Dairy, almonds, brocolli
Fibre
Prevents constipation
Fibre sources
Vegetables and whole grain cereals
Water
Needed for transport, sweat, and cell structure
Water sources
Taken in with diet
Nutrients in food
Starch
Sugars
Protein
Fats
Fibre
Vitamin C
Iron
Causes of malnutrition
Deficiency of nutrients
Imbalance of nutrients
Excess of nutrients
Effects of malnutrition
Constipation
Coronary Heart Disease
Starvation
Obesity (leads to type II diabetes and hypertension)
Scurvy
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are also known as biomolecules. These are molecules produced by cells and living organisms. They also make up living organisms.
Carbohydrates
Made of long chains of identical small sugar molecules. The long chains are broken down into smaller sugar molecules by the body, which are used to release energy and make the body work.
Proteins
Made of long chains of small molecules called amino acids. There are 20 different kinds of amino acid. Proteins are used by the body for growth and repair.
Fats
Made up of fat molecules which contain fatty acids and glycerol. Fat molecules have to be broken down by the body so that they can be used for energy storage. Fats are also used by the body to keep heat in and to make cell membranes.