Chapter 4

Created by

Kate Mejia

Cards (140)

Visual Elements 
Lines
Color
Space
Texture
Motion
Lines 
Add to the quality of all visual stimuli
Make objects stand out against a background
Horizontal lines 
Parallel to the universe
Flat surface
Calmness and rest
Vertical lines 
They do not lean
Strength, balance, and stability
Diagonal lines 
Either rising or falling
Positive: movement or action
Negative: stress, frustration, or defeat
Zigzag lines 
Mixture of diagonal lines
Chaos, conflict, and confusion
Curved lines 
Organic and natural
Softness, grace, flexibility, or even sensuality
Actual lines 
Intentionally shows line to give the viewer interesting aspect of the composition
Implied lines 
Used to make the viewer feel their involvement in interpreting the composition
Color 
Most expressive elements of art
Enhance beauty in all things
Discovered by Isaac Newton through prism
Property of light
Hue 
Name for which the color is known
Determined by the wavelength of light
Example is rainbow colors
Value 
Lightness or darkness of color
Absence of white or black
Tint 
When white is added to a hue
Shade 
When black is added to a hue
Intensity or Saturation 
How pure the color is
High saturation = bright
Low saturation = dull
Additive color 
The result is white
Subtractive color 
The result is black
Isaac Newton first to conceptualize the color wheel
Primary colors 
Red
Yellow
Blue
Secondary colors 
Orange
Green
Violet
Intermediate colors 
Red orange
Yellow orange
Yellow green
Blue green
Blue violet
Red violet
Tertiary colors 
Combining any two secondary colors
Tertiary color combinations 
Blue + Orange = Brown
Red + Green = Brown
Yellow + Violet = Brown
Neutrals 
Black, white, or gray
Black 
Absence of color
Gray 
Impure white
Warm colors 
Colors associated with sun
Red, orange, yellow
Cool colors 
Colors associated with air, sky, earth, and water
Blue, green, violet, and blue-green
Kinds of shape 
Geometric
Organic
Biomorphic
Geometric shapes 
Regular and precise
Present an industrial feel to viewer
Organic shapes 
Have a natural appearance
Biomorphic lines 
Manifest some quality of biological organism
Space 
Tricky element of the visual art
Stereoscopic vision (Retinal Disparity)
Gives the viewer two images of the object then physiologically merges them into one image
Kinesthetic Vision 
Movement of eyes when looking at or viewing the object
Overlapping 
When objects are grouped, not all parts of some objects will be seen
Relative size and Linear perspective 
Objects that are big will be perceived as near compared with objects that are far
Atmospheric Perspective 
Changing the clarity of the middle ground and background
Achromatic Value 
Changes in the amount of reflected light from white to gray to black
Chiaroscuro 
Using light and shadow in painting
Exploited by Leonardo da Vinci